The impact of arrest and seizure on drug crime and harms: A systematic review

Eggins, Elizabeth; Hine, Lorelei; Higginson, Angela; Mazerolle, Lorraine

doi:10.52922/ti04688

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…However, the benchmark for police success in combating drug supply is reduced access to drugs (especially high-risk drugs) nationwide [ 26 ]. At the same time, there is not enough scientific evidence to show the impact of supplier arrest and seizure on a range of drug-related outcomes [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ups and downs of addiction harm reduction in Iran: key insights and implications for harm reduction policy and policing

2023

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Drug use is a critical behavioral disorder or a delinquency behavior (in the judiciary system's words) that comes with a burden at multiple levels: individual, community, public, and global. These social structures apply different interventions to reduce this burden in their field. Given the society as a whole, these structures must be harmonious and synergistic to optimize these endeavors in terms of cost–benefit. In practice, however, reducing the burden of addiction is followed by conflicting approaches by different organizations, in terms such as “eradicating drugs,” “eliminating drug users,” “obliterating addiction,” and ultimately, drug use harm reduction. In the harm reduction philosophy, drug use is recognized as an inescapable fact in human societies, and tries to control its personal and public consequences in different dimensions (health, economic, and social). Therefore, this approach includes broad measures such as: changing the pattern of consumption (from high-risk substances to less dangerous substances) through modification of the laws and law enforcement measures, distributing disposable syringes to prevent HIV transmission, providing basic life needs such as shelter for street-based drug users to reduce the social consequences like homelessness, prescribing substitute agonists to reduce the committing crime to obtain the needed drugs, and even the drug court program, which prevents the exacerbation of complications in a person with a chronic and relapsing disorder, due to the imposition of inappropriate sentences (like incarceration in unacceptable conditions). It is contrary to the approaches that aim to reduce the drug supply rate and drug use incidence and prevalence to zero. As a result of the conflict of interests, goals discrepancies, and differences in organizational culture, these approaches may contrast with each other. We see this in the harm reduction between the health system and law enforcement. Different factors affect the harmony or conflict between these two structures. This article addresses the impact of ideology, social conditions, and bureaucratic administration on the relationship between the health system and the police in drug use harm reduction in Iran.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ups and downs of addiction harm reduction in Iran: key insights and implications for harm reduction policy and policing

2023

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Estimating the International Cocaine Market: A Novel Combination of Excess Compensation and Stochastic Frontier Analysis

Le,

Mai,

Ngo

et al. 2024

Asian Journal of Law and Economics

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Although there are different ways to estimate the value of the illicit drug markets, the main issue remains that one cannot estimate the unseized or floating value of drugs at the country- and international-level markets. This study applies a novel estimation method that combines excess compensation estimation (from the financial field) and stochastic frontier analysis (from the operations research field) to estimate the value of the international cocaine market in 2019. Our estimations show that in 2019, the unseized market accounted for 32.16 % of the total market of cocaine and was smaller than the ratio of 48 % in 2007, indicating that the effectiveness of countries in disrupting the illicit cocaine market has improved. More importantly, we show that improvement in dealing with money laundering risks could also help reduce the illicit market of cocaine since illicit cocaine/drug proceeds must be laundered before they can be used by criminal organisations.

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The impact of arrest and seizure on drug crime and harms: A systematic review

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Ups and downs of addiction harm reduction in Iran: key insights and implications for harm reduction policy and policing

Ups and downs of addiction harm reduction in Iran: key insights and implications for harm reduction policy and policing

Estimating the International Cocaine Market: A Novel Combination of Excess Compensation and Stochastic Frontier Analysis

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