The impact of Bacillus subtilis 18 isolated from Tibetan yaks on growth performance and gut microbial community in mice

Li, Aoyun; Jiang, Xiong; Wang, Yaping; Zhang, Lihong; Zhang, Hui; Mehmood, Khalid; Li, Zhixing; Waqas, Muhammad; Li, Jiakui

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2018.12.031

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The others were affiliated with the phyla Spirochaetes (one genera) and Verrucomicrobia (one genera). These results were also reported in ruminant research on animals such as Yaks and Tibetan sheep [21,22], indicating that although TWAs and NPDDs belonged to the genus Equus and were different from ruminants, their microorganism flora communities were actually quite similar. In addition, an average of 54.43% genera presented as unclassified, which suggested that this group of organisms may be a part of the core bacterial population, warranting further investigation in the field on Equus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Tibetan wild asses (Equus Kiang) were superior to domestic donkeys (Equus Asinus) in terms of the composition and function of gut microbial community

Liu¹,

Zhao²,

Xu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Tibetan wild asses are the only wild species of perissodactyls on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and appears on the International Union for Conversation of Nature (IUCN) 2012 Red List of threatened species. The gut microbiota has a great effect on the health and nutrition of the host, however, scant research is available on the characteristics of their intestinal microbiota. Therefor, understanding the gut microbita composition and function of TWAs can provide a theoretical for the situ conservation of wild animals in the future. Results: To characterize its composition and function, we analyzed the intestinal microbiota of wild asses and domestic donkeys by high-throughput sequencing of the 16s rDNA regions. No significant difference in alpha diversity was detected between these two groups. Beta diversity showed that the bacterial community structure of wild asses was acutely different from domestic donkeys. At the phylum level, the two dominant phyla of Bacteroidetes and Firmcutes in wild asses were significantly higher than that in domestic donkeys. At the genus level, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214 , Phascolarctobacterium , Coprostanoligenes_group , Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group and Akkermansia in wild asses were significantly higher than domestic donkeys. Moreover, statistical comparisons showed that 40 different metabolic pathways exhibited significant differences . Among them, 29 pathways had richer concentrations in wild asses than domestic donkeys, mainly amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy metabolism. Of note, network analysis showed that wild asses harbored a relatively more complex bacterial network than domestic donkeys, possibly reflecting the specific niche adaption of gut bacterial communities through species interactions. Conclusions: Wild asses were superior to that of domestic in gut microbial community composition and function. For wild animal conservation, wild asses are more suitable to survive in wild than to be domesticated or captive. Key words: Tibetan wild asses, domestic donkeys, 16S ribosomal RNA gene, gut microbiota

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Tibetan wild asses (Equus Kiang) were superior to domestic donkeys (Equus Asinus) in terms of the composition and function of gut microbial community

Liu¹,

Zhao²,

Xu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Li et al . (2019) have found that the mice treated with B. subtilis have a higher diversity index of gut microbiota than normal mice. In the present study, we also analysed the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TL106 protects mice against enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7‐induced intestinal disease through improving immune response, intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota

Bao

Liu

Shang

et al. 2020

J. Appl. Microbiol.

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Aims This study evaluated the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TL106, isolated from Tibetan pigs’ faeces, on the growth performance, immune response, intestinal barrier function, morphology of jejunum, caecum and colon, and gut microbiota in the mice with enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)‐induced intestinal diseases. Methods and Results In all, 40 female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups: mice fed a normal diet (Control), mice oral administration of TL106 daily (Ba), mice challenged with EHEC O157:H7 on day 15 (O157) and mice oral administration of TL106 daily and challenged with EHEC O157:H7 on day 15 (Ba+O157). The TL106 was administrated to mice for 14 days, and mice were infected with O157:H7 at day 15. We found that TL106 could prevent the weight loss caused by O157:H7 infection and alleviated the associated increase in pro‐inflammatory factors (TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6 and IL‐8) and decrease in anti‐inflammatory factor (IL‐10) in serum and intestinal tissues of mice caused by O157:H7 infection (P < 0·05). Additionally, TL106 could prevent disruption of gut morphology caused by O157:H7 infection, and alleviate the associated decrease in expression of tight junction proteins (ZO‐1, occludin and claudin‐1) in jejunum and colon (P < 0·05). In caecum and colon, the alpha diversity for bacterial community analysis of Chao and ACE index in Ba+O157 group were higher than O157 group. The TL106 stabilized gut microbiota disturbed by O157:H7, including increasing Lachnospiraceae, Prevotellaceae, Muribaculaceae and Akkermansiaceae, and reducing Lactobacillaceae. Conclusions We indicated the B. amyloliquefaciens TL106 can effectively protect mice against EHEC O157:H7 infection by relieving inflammation, improving intestinal barrier function, mitigating permeability disruption and stabilizing the gut microbiota. Significance and Impact of the Study Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TL106 can prevent and treat intestinal disease induced by EHEC O157:H7 in mice, which may be a promising probiotic for disease prevention in animals.

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“…In addition to work utilizing in silico and in vitro studies, several animal toxicity studies have demonstrated the safety of B. subtilis for human use [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Clinical trials of B. subtilis and W. coagulans (formally Bacillus coagulans ) strain supplementations have also shown safety and tolerance in humans, as well as digestive and GI health benefits in subjects with inflammatory bowel syndrome [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], dyspepsia [ 26 , 27 ], as well as individuals with or without mild symptoms of GI distress [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical Safety Assessment of Bacillus subtilis BS50 for Probiotic and Food Applications

Brutscher¹,

Borgmeier

Garvey³

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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Despite the commercial rise of probiotics containing Bacillaceae spp., it remains important to assess the safety of each strain before clinical testing. Herein, we performed preclinical analyses to address the safety of Bacillus subtilis BS50. Using in silico analyses, we screened the 4.15 Mbp BS50 genome for genes encoding known Bacillus toxins, secondary metabolites, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance. We also assessed the effects of BS50 lysates on the viability and permeability of cultured human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). We found that the BS50 genome does not encode any known Bacillus toxins. The BS50 genome contains several gene clusters involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, but many of these antimicrobial metabolites (e.g., fengycin) are common to Bacillus spp. and may even confer health benefits related to gut microbiota health. BS50 was susceptible to seven of eight commonly prescribed antibiotics, and no antibiotic resistance genes were flanked by the complete mobile genetic elements that could enable a horizontal transfer. In cell culture, BS50 cell lysates did not diminish either Caco-2 viability or monolayer permeability. Altogether, BS50 exhibits a robust preclinical safety profile commensurate with commercial probiotic strains and likely poses no significant health risk to humans.

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The impact of Bacillus subtilis 18 isolated from Tibetan yaks on growth performance and gut microbial community in mice

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Tibetan wild asses (Equus Kiang) were superior to domestic donkeys (Equus Asinus) in terms of the composition and function of gut microbial community

Tibetan wild asses (Equus Kiang) were superior to domestic donkeys (Equus Asinus) in terms of the composition and function of gut microbial community

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TL106 protects mice against enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7‐induced intestinal disease through improving immune response, intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota

Preclinical Safety Assessment of Bacillus subtilis BS50 for Probiotic and Food Applications

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