The Impact of Biochemistry vs. Population Membership on Floral Scent Profiles in Colour Polymorphic Hesperis matronalis

Majetic, Cassie J.; Raguso, Robert A.; Ashman, Tia‐Lynn

doi:10.1093/aob/mcn181

Cited by 52 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…While this study provides explicit measurements of neutral and selective contributions of microbial communities of flowers in the presence and absence of pollinators, it also highlights that most of the variation in community composition of floral microbiomes remains unexplained. Factors outside the flower (including soil chemistry) could affect the local pool of microbes or even the floral chemistry (Majetic, Raguso, & Ashman, ; Meindl, Bain, & Ashman, ). Similarly, variation across flowers, across plants, or even within a single plant due to competition and strong priority effects (e.g., Peay, Belisle, & Fukami, ) could be contributing to the unexplained effects and unfortunately, much of that variation is obscured in this study because to obtain enough DNA we had to pool together the organs of three different flowers from the same cage for each sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral organs act as environmental filters and interact with pollinators to structure the yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus) floral microbiome

Gómez

Ashman

2019

Molecular Ecology

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Assembly of microbial communities is the result of neutral and selective processes. However, the relative importance of these processes is still debated. Microbial communities of flowers, in particular, have gained recent attention because of their potential impact to plant fitness and plant‐pollinator interactions. However, the role of selection and dispersal in the assembly of these communities remains poorly understood. Here, we evaluated the role of pollinator‐mediated dispersal on the contribution of neutral and selective processes in the assembly of floral microbiomes of the yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus). We sampled floral organs from flowers in the presence and absence of pollinators within five different serpentine seeps in CA and obtained 16S amplicon data on the epiphytic bacterial communities. Consistent with strong microenvironment selection within flowers we observed significant differences in community composition across floral organs and only a small effect of geographic distance. Pollinator exposure affected the contribution of environmental selection and depended on the rate and intimacy of interactions with flower visitors. This study provides evidence of the importance of dispersal and within‐flower heterogeneity in shaping epiphytic bacterial communities of flowers, and highlights the complex interplay between pollinator behaviour, environmental selection and additional abiotic factors in shaping the epiphytic bacterial communities of flowers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral organs act as environmental filters and interact with pollinators to structure the yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus) floral microbiome

Gómez

Ashman

2019

Molecular Ecology

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“…For instance, Zucker et al () found that removal of petal pigments by antisense suppression of the flavanone 3‐hydroxylase gene in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway led to higher emission of an aromatic volatile in Dianthus caryophyllus L. Generally, different flower color morphs in polymorphic plants show different floral scent profiles (Zucker et al, ; Majetic et al, ; Salzmann & Schiestl, ; Delle‐Vedove et al, ). Some researchers predict that flower color and scent association will be an interesting theme in pollination ecology because the understanding of relationships between floral colors and floral scents is still in its infancy (Majetic et al, ; Rausher, ; Schaefer & Ruxton, ; Dormont et al, ; Wang et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a change of floral color may impact floral scent emission level or composition and other floral characters, such as nectar profiles, visitor preference, and breeding systems, etc. Regrettably, understanding color–floral scent associations is still in its infancy, because biochemical pathways have not been researched in sufficient detail (Majetic et al, , ; Salzmann & Schiestl, ; Delle‐Vedove et al, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of floral properties and breeding system in dimorphicBuddleja delavayi(Scrophulariaceae)

Chen

Gong

et al. 2014

J of Sytematics Evolution

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In this study, floral color, scent composition and emission rate, nectar property, pollinators, and breeding system of dimorphic Buddleja delavayi Gagnep. were investigated. Flower color of B. delavayi was determined using a standard color chart and spectrophotometer, and two distinct color polymorphisms were observed having purple or white flowers. Floral scents of B. delavayi were collected using dynamic headspace adsorption and identified with coupled gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. In total, 28 compounds were identified from the flowers of B. delavayi. The identified scents were divided into three chemical classes based on their biosynthetic origin: terpenes, fatty acid derivatives, and benzenoids. The scent profiles in all individuals were dominated by a few components, such as lilac aldehyde and alcohol, 4‐oxoisophorone, benaldehyde, and oxoisophorone oxide. Floral scent composition (benzenoids and terpenes) showed a significant difference between white and purple flower morphs. Flower color–flower scent associations in B. delavayi were identified with two distinct scent profiles in the two color phenotypes. The studies of other floral characteristics (nectar, floral visitors, breeding system, and fruit set) indicated that floral scent emission rate, nectar volume, visitor visitation frequency, and natural fruit set were not significantly different between the two flower color morphs. Bagging experiments revealed that seed production of B. delavayi is dependent mainly on honeybee Apis cerana. Lastly, this study implies that dimorphic floral color in B. delavayi may have been maintained by floral visitors and nectar guide color.

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“…We read absorbance at 530 nm on a Spectronic 21D spectrophotometer (Model DV #332278, Milton Roy, Rochester, NY); a higher absorbance value reflects darker purple flowers. We sampled floral scent using dynamic headspace extraction and gas chromatography‐mass spectroscopy as in Majetic et al . (2008) for day‐access plants in the morning and night‐access plants at night.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1995; Majetic et al . 2007; Majetic, Raguso & Ashman 2008) known to be attractive to the insect taxa (Dobson 2006) that visit its flowers during day and night (Mitchell & Ankeny 2001; Majetic 2008). We conducted a three‐part study focusing on the fitness effects of floral scent emission while controlling for flower colour: a scent augmentation experiment, an array experiment where we manipulated pollinator‐access, and an observational experiment across several large wild populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sweet smell of success: floral scent affects pollinator attraction and seed fitness in Hesperis matronalis

2009

Self Cite

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Summary 1.Patterns of floral scent are generally assumed to have been shaped by pollinator-mediated natural selection. However, while many studies document behavioural responses of pollinators to floral scent, few document the relationship between floral scent and fitness. 2. In this study, we explore the effect of variation in floral scent emission in colour polymorphic Hesperis matronalis on both pollinator visitation and seed fitness. 3. Using target inflorescences augmented with colour-specific floral scent extracts, we find that diurnal floral visitors significantly prefer night-scent extracts to non-augmented controls; inflorescences augmented with day-scent extracts receive an intermediate level of visits. Colour did not have a significant effect on visitation. 4. We characterized the relationship between natural variation in floral scent emission rate and seed production for plants under two settings: in small experimental arrays exposed to either dayor night-flying pollinators, and in wild populations exposed to all pollinators. In arrays, we found greater emission rate led to higher seed production, but only in plants exposed to day-flying pollinators. In contrast, we found a significant positive relationship between night-time floral emission rate and seed fitness in wild populations. In neither setting did floral anthocycanin concentration (colour) affect fitness. 5. This study reinforces the idea that scent-mediated pollinator visitation is an important component of plant fitness. Moreover, our results suggest that plants emitting more scent have higher fitness, although there is variation as to when this positive relationship occurs (i.e., at day or night). Research connecting floral scent and fitness is a necessary first step in understanding the evolution of floral scent.

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The Impact of Biochemistry vs. Population Membership on Floral Scent Profiles in Colour Polymorphic Hesperis matronalis

Cited by 52 publications

References 57 publications

Floral organs act as environmental filters and interact with pollinators to structure the yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus) floral microbiome

Floral organs act as environmental filters and interact with pollinators to structure the yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus) floral microbiome

Comparison of floral properties and breeding system in dimorphicBuddleja delavayi(Scrophulariaceae)

The sweet smell of success: floral scent affects pollinator attraction and seed fitness in Hesperis matronalis

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