“…Many studies on CSR examine the determinants that affect companies' commitment to environmental preservation (Carballo‐Penela & Castromán‐Diz, ; Caritte, Acha, & Shah, ; Glass, Cook, & Ingersoll, ; Habib & Bhuiyan, ; S. Wang, Li, & Zhao, ; Yu, Lo, & Li, ) and to social and environmental disclosure (D'Amico, Coluccia, Fontana, & Solimene, ; Galbreath, ; Gallego‐Alvarez, Ortas, Vicente‐Villardón, & Álvarez Etxeberria, ; Helfaya & Moussa, ; Jizi, ; Lokuwaduge & Heenetigala, ). Because carbon disclosure is voluntary, the reliability of CSR disclosure is a concern (Datt, Luo, & Tang, ; Datt, Luo, Tang, & Mallik, ; Luo & Tang, ).…”