The Impact of Bubble‐Bubble Interaction on Anodic Gas Release: A Water Model Analysis

Simonsen, Are J.; Einarsrud, Kristian Etienne; Eick, Ingo

doi:10.1002/9781119093435.ch134

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A snapshot from a simulation with current density 0.8 A/cm 2 (uniformly distributed on the cathode surface), 4 cm ACD and 2 o anode inclination is shown in Figure 11. Qualitatively, the depicted topology of the gas bubble layer corresponds well to that observed in recent water model experiments performed by Simonsen et al [29].…”

Section: Metal Pad Profile and Flow Patternsupporting

confidence: 68%

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Towards a coupled multi-scale, multi-physics simulation framework for aluminium electrolysis

Einarsrud

Eick

Bai

et al. 2017

Applied Mathematical Modelling

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Aluminium metal production through electrolytic reduction of alumina in a cryolite bath is a complex, multi-physics, multi-scale process, including magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD), bubble flow, thermal convection, melting and solidification phenomena based on a set of chemical reactions.Through interactions of the different forces applied to the liquid bath combined with the different time and length scales, self-organised fluctuations occur. Moreover, the MHD behaviour causes a complex metal pad profile and a series of surface waves due to the meta-stable condition of the metal / cryolite interface.The large aspect ratio of an industrial cell, with a footprint of 20 by 4 m and at the same time having dimensions approaching just 30 mm of height for the reaction zone, prevents an integrated approach where all relevant physics are included in a single mathematical model of this large degree of freedom system. In order to overcome these challenges, different modelling approaches have been established in ANSYS FLUENT; Three models are used to predict details of specific physics: one to predict the electro-magnetic forces and hence the metal pad profile, a second that resolves details of the local bubble dynamics around a single anode and a third for the full cell bath flow. Results from these models are coupled to allow integration of the different phenomena into a full cell alumina distribution model. The current paper outlines each of the approaches and presents how the coupling between them can be realized in a complete framework, aiming to provide new insight into the process. 2 Highlights• Scales of the process in length and time are identified for aluminium electrolysis.• Four modelling approaches describing essential features are presented.• Coupling between modelling approaches is discussed and demonstrated.

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Section: Metal Pad Profile and Flow Patternsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Owing to the close resemblance between simulations and experiments (cf. [8] and [29]), such phenomena are however expected to have small impact on the overall anodic bubble behaviour.…”

Section: Continuous and Flow Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a coupled multi-scale, multi-physics simulation framework for aluminium electrolysis

Einarsrud

Eick

Bai

et al. 2017

Applied Mathematical Modelling

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“…The problem of simulating electrolytically formed bubbles in molten salts was solved by the authors of [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The investigation of the fluid dynamics phenomena occurring during the electrolysis was required using the low-temperature model.…”

Section: Physical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motion dynamics of anodic gas in the cryolite melt–alumina high-temperature slurry

Yasinskiy

Polyakov

Klyuchantsev

2017

Russ. J. Non-ferrous Metals

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Abstract-The results of physical simulation of the behavior of bubbles formed due to the electrochemical evolution of oxygen on an inert anode during the high-temperature electrolysis of alumina slurry in the fluoride melt are presented. Similarity criteria are calculated, the experiments for a water model with vertically oriented electrodes are performed, and the data on the behavior of bubbles in the slurry are found with the help of video recording. The 20% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid with an alumina content of 30 vol % was used as the model electrolyte. The experiments were performed in a range of current densities from 0.05 to 0.25 A/cm 2 . Video was recorded using a Nikon D3100 camera with a recording frequency of 30 frames/s. The data on the motion dynamics of the bubbles, the quantitative data that characterize coalescence, and the bubble lifting velocity are found. To determine the average lifting velocity, 125 bubbles were analyzed. They were 0.8-2.3 mm thick. The bubble motion is performed in the slug regime with lifting velocity of 1.0-2.3 cm/s. The bubble layer thickness was about 5 mm. Further investigations will be directed to finding new data on the behavior of bubbles for various solid phase contents, current density, electrode slope angle, and granulometric composition.

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Impact of Variable Bath Chemistry and Wetting on Gas Bubble Flow in Aluminium Electrolysis Cells

Einarsrud¹,

Eick²,

Witt³

et al. 2015

Light Metals 2015

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The Impact of Bubble‐Bubble Interaction on Anodic Gas Release: A Water Model Analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Towards a coupled multi-scale, multi-physics simulation framework for aluminium electrolysis

Towards a coupled multi-scale, multi-physics simulation framework for aluminium electrolysis

Motion dynamics of anodic gas in the cryolite melt–alumina high-temperature slurry

Impact of Variable Bath Chemistry and Wetting on Gas Bubble Flow in Aluminium Electrolysis Cells

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