The Impact of Conditional Cash Transfers on the Amount and Type of Child Labor

Carpio, Ximena V. Del; Loayza, Norman; Wada, Tomoko

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.11.013

Cited by 43 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In some cases, time in school may be a normal good while subsistence consumption is an inferior good, in which case child labor will be associated with poverty (Ray, ; Dammert, ), but evidence elsewhere suggests that this association is not universal (Bhalotra & Heady, ; Ersado, ; Oryoie, Alwang, & Tideman, ). Moreover, Del Carpio, Loayza, and Wada () show how positive shocks to wealth can reduce low‐skill child labor but increase high‐skill child labor, while Sarkar and Sarkar ( ) outline a theoretical model that shows the conditions under which child labor can persist while poverty declines. Nevertheless, the review by De Hoop and Rosati () indicates that exogenous increases in household wealth do tend to reduce child labor prevalence in most settings.…”

Section: Child Labor: Definitions and Existing Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Counting the uncounted: The consequences of children's domestic chores for health and education in Ethiopia

Dinku

Fielding

Genç

2019

Review Development Economics

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Section: Child Labor: Definitions and Existing Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Counting the uncounted: The consequences of children's domestic chores for health and education in Ethiopia

Dinku

Fielding

Genç

2019

Review Development Economics

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“…There is growing evidence that cash transfers are effective strategies for reducing child labour in developing countries (Attanasio et al, 2010;Del Carpio, Loayza, & Wada, 2016;Edmonds & Schady, 2012;Galiani & McEwan, 2013;Maluccio & Flores, 2005;Ravallion & Wodon, 2000;Skoufias & Parker, 2001). Most studies focused on children's participation in work, with a few studies discussing the impact on working hours.…”

Section: Cash Transfers and Child Labourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Household chores are defined as activities such as cleaning, cooking or washing, caring for siblings and collecting water. Considering household chores as well as economic activities is important when it comes to accurately assessing its potentially negative effect on a child's welfare (Del Carpio et al, 2016;Miller & Tsoka, 2012;Zapata, Contreras, & Kruger, 2011). Source: Author's calculation from IFLS 5 (6 provinces on Java island).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effects of The Cash Transfer Programme for Poor Students on Child�s Work Participation: Evidence from Java (Indonesia)

Hidayatina

2018

J. Indones. Soc. Sci. and Humanit.

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Cash transfer is considered as a relatively safe policy instrument to improve child welfare. Over the past ten years, Indonesia has made major progress in reducing the number of children involved in child work. It has done so primarily by expanding education provision to increase the time children spend in school and reduce the time children allocate to work. This progress has been supported by the implementation of poverty alleviation programmes that provided income assistance to vulnerable families. This paper aims to analyse whether cash transfer subsidies provided by the Government of Indonesia were sufficient for children to decrease the probability of working and reduce the hours of working activities of children within households. This paper includes a detailed exploration of differences in impacts by childrens gender and areas of residence. This paper uses cross sectional data to analyse the effects of the programme on childs work. The data covers children aged from six to 14 from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2014. The data is non-experimental and programme participation is not randomly assigned. The bivariate Probit with endogenous dummy models are also estimated for the probability that a child is working, controlling for additional characteristics of the child, head of household, household and community-level characteristics. The results of this paper are particularly relevant for understanding the role of cash transfer programmes in developing countries. The findings of this paper suggest that the Government of Indonesia needs to reach the poorest children who are out of school.

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“…The positive correlation between household well-being and child labour can depend on the type of activity. Del Carpio et al (2016) have found that increasing household wealth through conditional cash transfers leads to lower rates of child labour in household chores and traditional farming, but to higher rates of child labour in non-traditional activities related to commerce and retail.…”

Section: Impact Of Nfe On Child Labour and Schooling Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurship and human capital development in children

Brandt¹,

Rutasitara²,

Selejio³

et al. 2017

WIDER Working Paper

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This paper explores the link between entrepreneurship and child human capital development. We specifically examine how operating a non-farm enterprise (NFE) as opposed to working in agriculture relates to child labour and schooling outcomes. Accounting for timeinvariant unobservable characteristics in an estimation with individual fixed effects, we find a negative correlation between NFE ownership and child labour, especially in households with relatively higher levels of consumption expenditure. We find differentiated impacts by child gender and the type of enterprise: a lower incidence of child labour for boys and NFEs without employees and a lower incidence of child labour for girls and NFEs that hire at least one employee. Fatherowned NFEs correlate negatively with child labour for boys, both at the extensive and at the intensive margin, and positively with a higher likelihood for school attendance for girls. Given these findings, it appears that household entrepreneurship may contribute to decreasing the severe child labour problem in Tanzania, but resolving the problem of low school attendance rates will require a different strategy.

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The Impact of Conditional Cash Transfers on the Amount and Type of Child Labor

Cited by 43 publications

References 29 publications

Counting the uncounted: The consequences of children's domestic chores for health and education in Ethiopia

Counting the uncounted: The consequences of children's domestic chores for health and education in Ethiopia

The Effects of The Cash Transfer Programme for Poor Students on Child�s Work Participation: Evidence from Java (Indonesia)

Entrepreneurship and human capital development in children

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