“…Therefore, independent directors ensure the efficient management of the companies as well as protect the interests of the shareholders (De Andres et al , 2005). Some empirical examinations investigated the link between the board independence and CSD (D.Sundarasen et al , 2016; Dunn and Sainty, 2009; Ibrahim and Hanefah, 2016; Razak and Mustapha, 2013; Javaid Lone et al , 2016; Giannarakis, 2014a; Lim et al , 2008; Majeed et al , 2015; Kiliç et al , 2015; Rashid and Lodh, 2008; Deschênes et al , 2015; Supriyono et al , 2015; Alotaibi and Hussainey, 2016; Ahmed Haji, 2013). Prior literature finds mixed results.…”