The Impact of COVID-19 Crisis on Major Spectator Sport Industry in the U.S. and South Korea: Challenges and Outlook

Cho, Sungho; Shin, Namsoo; Kwak, Dae Hee; Kim, Amy Chan Hyung; Jang, Won Sik; Lee, Joon Sung; Ko, Yong Jae

doi:10.1080/24704067.2021.1936591

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…For example, Wu and Huang [18] use media richness as an antecedent and find that the modified TAM model has significant predictive power for use intention toward sports streaming apps. Other studies have also shown that adding corresponding external variables depending on the context of use helps increase the explanatory power of the integrated TAM [10].…”

Section: Technology Acceptance Model (Tam)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The viewing of sporting events has therefore been transferred from an offline to an online space, and fans can now support their favorite teams via their computers, televisions, mobile applications, and other media [9]. In recognition of the need to reimagine ways to virtually connect fans with players, the NBA took the lead in using innovative technology to re-launch its matches, pioneering the access by the public to the "Bubble League" during its three-month event in Orlando [10], wherein all teams selected by the league and staff members were managed and centrally monitored virtually. To create a lively atmosphere, it set up at each venue LED screens that displayed about 300 fans watching the teams play by using the Together Mode function in Microsoft Teams [11], an app developed by Microsoft Corporation with chat, meeting, and task functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viewing Sports Online during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Antecedent Effects of Social Presence on the Technology Acceptance Model

2021

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The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 has posed several challenges to the sporting industry, caused by the change in behavior of sporting fans from purchasing event tickets to watching live broadcasts of events on the Internet. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of fan behavior in this “new normal”. It adopts a technology acceptance model (TAM) to explore the effects of social presence (SP) in the context of online viewing of professional sports. For this purpose, the authors conducted an online survey of viewers who watched NBA sports events on the Amazon Mechanical Turk website using the Together Mode feature of Microsoft Teams. We collected 209 valid questionnaires and performed a partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis. The results showed that the SP-TAM structural model has adequate predictive relevance, and SP has a statistically significant positive relationship with both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The model was thus validated, contributing to the existing body of knowledge on emerging technologies such as the creation of a virtual audience in sports. The study’s findings suggest that technology developers should focus on the effects of SP and emphasize practical functions to increase the use intention of sporting fans. Furthermore, professional sporting leagues should prioritize the use of virtual fan technology to optimize the viewing experience of their fans.

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Section: Technology Acceptance Model (Tam)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viewing Sports Online during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Antecedent Effects of Social Presence on the Technology Acceptance Model

2021

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“…Sports events, including pro-sports leagues and the Olympics, were canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. During that period, the number of sports games and events abruptly decreased, and the relationship between players and fans was broken ( Chan et al, 2021 ; Cho et al, 2021 ; Kaplanidou et al, 2021 ; Kwon and Kwak, 2022 ). As a result, several sports businesses might be close to bankruptcy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LDA-based topic modeling for COVID-19-related sports research trends

2022

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IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic could generate a turning point for introducing a new system for sports participation and business. The purpose of this study is to explore trends and topic structures of COVID-19-related sports research by analyzing the relevant literature.MethodsSports studies related to COVID-19 were collected in searching international academic databases. After the pre-processing step using the refinement and morpheme analysis function of the Net Miner program, topic modeling and social network analysis were used to analyze Journal Citation Reports found using the search term ‘COVID-19 sports’.ResultsAs a result, this study used subject modeling to reveal important potential topics in COVID-19-related sports research articles. ‘Sports participation’, ‘elite players’, and ‘sports industry’ were macroscopically classified, and detailed research topics could be identified from each division.ConclusionThis study revealed important latent topics from COVID-19-related sports research articles using topic modeling. The results of the research elucidate the structure of academic knowledge on this topic and provide guidance for future research.

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“…Sports managers focus on increasing their influence on existing customers, where they can target new fans, as many challenges appear after the pandemic, including uncertainty, weakened fan experience, and increased competition. Investing in approaches to incorporate sociocultural connotations seems to be promising [9,65]. Spectators in indoor and outdoor sports events should be under the account of sport managers because they differ in terms of perceived safety and communication capabilities [60].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Identity of Sport Spectators in Greece

Amalia¹,

Krinanthi²

2022

ujm

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The purpose of this study was to investigate "Who the Greek spectator is". Demographics and personal characteristics of 2,322 spectators were investigated. All participants are randomly selected football fans. They filled out the questionnaires voluntarily. Age, profession, education, marital status, and monthly income were the main demographic issues that were examined according to Greenwell et al. [25], and Lambrecht et al. [36]. Besides, the possession of a season ticket, the frequency of attending football games, and the team they supported were further investigated. Results showed that Greek spectators are 20 -29 years of age (29%), high school graduates (38.3%), unmarried (47.4%), without children (52%), privately employed (27.3%), with a total monthly income 701 € -1,000 € (21%). Moreover, personal characteristics questions showed that most of the participants are fans of the Olympiacos SFP team (16.2%), and attend the football games twice a month (27.5%), with a single ticket (51%). Taking into consideration the theoretical background, which indicates that the identity of sport spectators can influence customers' future intentions, the results of the present study, which was conducted on a rather large sample, seem promising [1]. Academics and sport managers could use this information to better understand spectators' future intentions and design marketing strategies aimed at getting customers back and attracting new ones to the stadiums after the pandemic.

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The Impact of COVID-19 Crisis on Major Spectator Sport Industry in the U.S. and South Korea: Challenges and Outlook

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Viewing Sports Online during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Antecedent Effects of Social Presence on the Technology Acceptance Model

Viewing Sports Online during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Antecedent Effects of Social Presence on the Technology Acceptance Model

LDA-based topic modeling for COVID-19-related sports research trends

The Identity of Sport Spectators in Greece

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