The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on glycaemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus on continuous glucose monitoring

Gouda, Niki; Dimitriadou, Meropi; Sotiriou, Georgia; Christoforidis, Athanasios

doi:10.1007/s00592-022-01968-y

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These results were consistent with several studies wherein the decrease in TIR was mild in people with T1D who received the mRNA-based vaccine ( 15 , 21 , 24 ). The mild effect of the mRNA vaccine on the glucose profile was also reported in children and adolescents with TID ( 24 , 25 ). The precise reasons for these change in glucose metrics after vaccination are yet to be identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Effect of COVID-19 vaccine on blood glucose metrics in Arabic people with type 1 diabetes

et al. 2023

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IntroductionPeople with diabetes are at a higher risk for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and hence are prioritized for vaccination. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on blood glucose control in Arabic people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Secondary aim was to compare the responses between the two vaccines approved for use in Kuwait.MethodThis retrospective study compared ambulatory glucose metrics, using a continuous glucose monitoring device, measured for 14 days before, and 7 days and 14 days after, the first and second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in Arabic people with Type 1 diabetes (T1D). We also explored possible links with vaccine type and other clinical characteristics. Glucose metrics calculated were time in range (TIR, 3.9–10 mmol/L), time above range (TAR, 10.1- 13.9 mmol/L or >13.9 mmol/L), time below range (TBR, 3- 3.9 mmol/L or <3 mmol/L) and glucose variability (CV).ResultsWe enrolled 223 participants in the study. Over the 7 days period after the first vaccination dose there was a decrease in TIR (mean difference (SD) –1.9% ± 14.8%; p = 0.05) and increase in TAR >10 mmol/L (2.2% ± 15.9%; p = 0.04), with no effects on TBR. These effects were not seen after the second dose or 14 days after either dose. There was a decrease in CV over the 7 days period after the first (−1.2% ± 7.4%; p = 0.02) and second vaccine doses (−1.1% ± 6.9%; p = 0.03), with no effects noted 14 days after either dose. In subgroup analysis similar effects on TIR and TAR were also seen in those who had received the viral vector-based vaccine, but not the mRNA-based vaccine, although the decrease in CV was seen in those who had received the mRNA based vaccine but not the viral vector-based vaccine.ConclusionWe found a temporary impairment in glucose control in the first 7 days, particularly among individuals receiving viral vector vaccines. The group receiving mRNA vaccine was likely to experience an increase in glucose levels above the target range. However, the temporary change in metrics appears to return to pre-vaccination levels after one-week post-vaccination. The effects on glycemic parameters were more neutral after the second dose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Effect of COVID-19 vaccine on blood glucose metrics in Arabic people with type 1 diabetes

et al. 2023

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“…The production of anti-insulin hormones (cortisol, catecholamines, and growth hormone) as a result of an inflammatory and/or immunological reaction to the vaccine may cause acute stress and lead to a hyperglycemic crisis [ 44 ]. Additionally, concerns have been raised over the possibility that infection or newly developed vaccines could cause autoimmunity via cross-reactivity [ 46 ]. Cross-reactivity happens when a pathogenic protein and a self-tissue protein show high amino acid sequence similarity [ 47 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 Vaccines and Premature Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cross-reactivity happens when a pathogenic protein and a self-tissue protein show high amino acid sequence similarity [ 47 ]. According to this mechanism, antibodies elicited against SARS-CoV-2 binding to proteins in human tissue cause autoimmune reactions [ 46 ]. As a result, COVID-19-vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies may interact with human pancreatic tissues resulting in autoimmune-disease-like T1DM in susceptible individuals [ 48 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 Vaccines and Premature Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, COVID-19-vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies may interact with human pancreatic tissues resulting in autoimmune-disease-like T1DM in susceptible individuals [ 48 ]. For example, GAD-65 [ 46 ], one of the key antigens involved in immune-mediated T1DM [ 49 ], shows a strong reaction against SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies.…”

Section: Covid-19 Vaccines and Premature Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a multi-center prospective clinical study, the short-term impact of COVID-19 immunization was explored by measuring glucose levels by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in individuals with T1DM and T2DM, supporting the assumption that hyperglycemia occurrence is relatively uncommon [ 46 ]. A total of 161 individuals participated in the multi-center prospective Immune Response to COVID-19 Vaccination in People with Diabetes Mellitus—COVAC-DM Study from April to June 2021.…”

Section: Covid-19 Vaccines and Premature Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can COVID-19 Vaccines Induce Premature Non-Communicable Diseases: Where Are We Heading to?

et al. 2023

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According to the WHO, as of January 2023, more than 850 million cases and over 6.6 million deaths from COVID-19 have been reported worldwide. Currently, the death rate has been reduced due to the decreased pathogenicity of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, but the major factor in the reduced death rates is the administration of more than 12.8 billion vaccine doses globally. While the COVID-19 vaccines are saving lives, serious side effects have been reported after vaccinations for several premature non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, the reported adverse events are low in number. The scientific community must investigate the entire spectrum of COVID-19-vaccine-induced complications so that necessary safety measures can be taken, and current vaccines can be re-engineered to avoid or minimize their side effects. We describe in depth severe adverse events for premature metabolic, mental, and neurological disorders; cardiovascular, renal, and autoimmune diseases, and reproductive health issues detected after COVID-19 vaccinations and whether these are causal or incidental. In any case, it has become clear that the benefits of vaccinations outweigh the risks by a large margin. However, pre-existing conditions in vaccinated individuals need to be taken into account in the prevention and treatment of adverse events.

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SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination does not worsen glycemia in people with type 1 diabetes using insulin pumps: an observational study

Engelbogen,

Donaldson,

McAuley

et al. 2024

Acta Diabetol

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The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on glycaemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus on continuous glucose monitoring

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of COVID-19 vaccine on blood glucose metrics in Arabic people with type 1 diabetes

Effect of COVID-19 vaccine on blood glucose metrics in Arabic people with type 1 diabetes

Can COVID-19 Vaccines Induce Premature Non-Communicable Diseases: Where Are We Heading to?

SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination does not worsen glycemia in people with type 1 diabetes using insulin pumps: an observational study

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