The impact of development priorities on power system expansion planning in sub-Saharan Africa

Closing the void in energy planning modeling: Integrating local realities

“…In the push for achieving universal energy access, there have been a host of energy planning models that use optimization, simulation, and integrated assessment modeling to predict the future power plant combinations within the African continent. 1 These power system planning models typically assume that all electricity customers will be connected to a power source overnight, ignoring how the power system will progress over time, 2 local stakeholder objectives, 3 and the local factors that drive project success. 4 Integrating local risk factors into electricity planning models is critical in sub-Saharan Africa, where electrification is most likely to be a gradual process across decades, thus opening itself to multiple failure risk points.…”

“…Technical advances in PSCs have led to several jumps in conversion efficiency. Miyasaka et al 2 developed a PSC structure with an initial conversion efficiency of 3.8% that was then improved to 16.2%. 3 Their structure used methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI 3 )-based perovskite with an electron transfer layer (ETL) structure of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/compact TiO 2 (c-TiO 2 )/ mesoporous TiO 2 (mp-TiO 2 ), as shown in Figure 1A.…”

Failure modes analysis and reliability enhancement of wind turbines

“…Between 2010 and 2019, the proportion of people connected to mini‐grids more than doubled, from 5 to 11 million. Nevertheless, the 2021 trends tracking and forecasts revealed that around 660 million people, mostly in Sub‐Saharan Africa, will remain without access in 2030 under current and planned policies, which are exacerbated by the COVID‐19 pandemic 8–10 …”

“…Nevertheless, the 2021 trends tracking and forecasts revealed that around 660 million people, mostly in Sub-Saharan Africa, will remain without access in 2030 under current and planned policies, which are exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. [8][9][10] Among the renewable-based energy systems, wind energy is one of the fastest growing renewable sources. The capacity of modern wind turbine has increased from 10 to 30 kW in 1979 11 to more than 9.5 MW in recent years.…”