Since the arrival of the big data era, adolescents life has been occupied by a variety of online short video applications, causing a great impact on the development of the adolescents self-awareness and the formation of their own values. Among all the online short video applications, Douyin, with the widest coverage nowadays, has had a particularly obvious impact on the adolescents self-development. This paper comprehensively analyzes and considers the influence of Douyin on adolescents' self-development and concludes that the short video content on Douyin is easy to cause the adolescents emulation and has an impact on the formation of the adolescents values. This is reflected in the positive and negative impacts of Douyin on the adolescents self-awareness, self-expression, and self-development. On the one hand, while watching Douyin short videos, teenagers can increase their knowledge and understanding of the many choices they may have in the future and make more suitable plans for their future development. On the other hand, the content of Douyin short videos makes teenagers feel "peer pressure" and change the way they describe and position themselves. Erroneous values may have irreversible negative impacts on teenagers' future development.