The Impact of Drug Market Pulling Levers Policing on Neighborhood Violence

Background Opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine use in individuals with opioid use disorders (OUDs) can increase the risk for medical consequences and relapse. Little is known about rates of use of these medications or prescribing patterns among communities of prescribers. Aims To examine rates of prescribing to Medicaid-enrollees in the calendar year after an OUD diagnosis, and to examine individual, county, and provider community factors associated with such prescribing. Methods We used 2008 Medicaid claims data from 12 states to identify enrollees diagnosed with OUDs, and 2009 claims data to identify rates of prescribing of each drug. We used social network analysis to identify provider communities and multivariate regression analyses to identify patient, county, and provider community level factors associated with prescribing these drugs. We also examined variation in rates of prescribing across provider communities. Results Among Medicaid-enrollees identified with an OUD, 45% filled a prescription for an opioid analgesic, 37% for a benzodiazepine, and 21% for both in the year following their diagnosis. Females, older individuals, individuals with pain syndromes, and individuals residing in counties with higher rates of poverty were more likely to fill prescriptions. Prescribing rates varied substantially across provider communities, with rates in the highest quartile of prescribing communities over 2.5 times the rates in the lowest prescribing communities. Discussion Prescribing opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines to individuals diagnosed with OUDs may increase risk of relapse and overdose. Interventions should be considered that target provider communities with the highest rates of prescribing and individuals at highest risk.

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“…We controlled for additional contextual factors, such as poverty and violent crime rates, which might influence demand for illicit drugs. 28,29 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescribing among Medicaid-enrollees with opioid use disorders: The influence of provider communities

Stein

Mendelsohn

Gordon

et al. 2016

Journal of Addictive Diseases

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“…">11.Drug Market Intervention in Rockford, Illinois (Corsaro, Brunson, and McGarrell, ) 12.Drug Market Intervention in High Point, North Carolina (Corsaro, Hunt, Hipple, and McGarrell, ) 13.Drug Market Intervention in Peoria, Illinois (Corsaro and Brunson, ) …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the Corsaro et al. () evaluation, the RAND Corporation completed an independent evaluation of the High Point DMI using a synthetic control quasi‐experimental design (Saunders, Lundberg, Braga, Ridgeway, and Miles, ). The findings of the RAND evaluation revealed a slightly stronger impact of the DMI program on targeted outcomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Focused Deterrence Strategies and Crime Control

Braga

Weisburd

Turchan

2018

Criminology & Public Policy

208

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Research Summary Focused deterrence strategies are increasingly being applied to prevent and control gang and group‐involved violence, overt drug markets, and individual repeat offenders. Our updated examination of the effects of focused deterrence strategies on crime followed the systematic review protocols and conventions of the Campbell Collaboration. Twenty‐four quasi‐experimental evaluations were identified in this systematic review. The results of our meta‐analysis demonstrate that focused deterrence strategies are associated with an overall statistically significant, moderate crime reduction effect. Nevertheless, program effect sizes varied by program type and were smaller for evaluations with more rigorous research designs. Policy Implications The available empirical evidence suggests these strategies generate noteworthy crime reduction impacts and should be part of a broader portfolio of crime reduction strategies available to policy makers and practitioners. Investments still need to be made, however, to strengthen the overall rigor of program evaluations and improve our understanding of key program activities associated with observed crime reduction impacts.

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“…Recently, a set of newly implemented and evaluated policing practices termed 'lever-pulling policing' has shown promising results in terms of reducing violence, mainly related to drug markets, gun use and gang activity (Braga and Weisburd 2012;Corsaro et al 2012). These practices are based on the principles of 'dynamic concentration of deterrence ' (Kleiman 2009;Kennedy 2008), which move deterrence from a static and passive principle to a sequenced and dialogical one.…”

Section: Scaling Up: From Street Crime To Atrocity Crimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Theory

2017

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The Impact of Drug Market Pulling Levers Policing on Neighborhood Violence

Cited by 77 publications

References 70 publications

Opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescribing among Medicaid-enrollees with opioid use disorders: The influence of provider communities

Opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescribing among Medicaid-enrollees with opioid use disorders: The influence of provider communities

Focused Deterrence Strategies and Crime Control

Regulatory Theory

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