The impact of early shame memories in Binge Eating Disorder: The mediator effect of current body image shame and cognitive fusion

Abstract

This study examined the phenomenology of shame experiences from childhood and adolescence in a sample of women with Binge Eating Disorder. Moreover, a path analysis was investigated testing the association between the extent to which shame-related memories are traumatic and central to identity and binge eating symptoms' severity, mediated by current external shame, body image shame and body image cognitive fusion. Participants in this study were 114 patients, who were assessed through the Eating Disorder Examination and the Shame Experiences Interview, and through self-report measures of external shame, body image shame, body image cognitive fusion and binge eating symptoms. Shame experiences where physical appearance was negatively commented or criticized by others were the most frequently recalled. A path analysis showed a good fit between the hypothesised mediational model and the data. The traumatic and centrality qualities of shame-related memories predicted current external shame, especially body image shame. Current shame feelings were associated with body image cognitive fusion, which, in turn, predicted levels of binge eating symptomatology.Findings support the relevance of addressing early shame-related memories and negative affective and self-evaluative experiences, namely related to body image, in the understanding and management of binge eating.

Hubungan Perlakuan Body Shaming Dengan Citra Diri Mahasiswa

“…Pada wanita dengan gangguan makan, pengalaman rasa malu dengan penampilan fisik tampaknya memegang peran dalam penelitian ini. Apalagi hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya perubahan fungsi kognitif tubuh yang signifikan (Duarte, 2017).…”

“…Hasil penelitian terdiri dari 114 wanita dengan diagnosis Binge Eating Disorder (BED) atau gangguan makan 78% peserta menjawab efek dari rasa malu pada tubuh dapat memberi efek negatif sehingga cenderung untuk mengikuti apa yang orang lain sampaikan terkait dengan kondisi tubuh, prilaku makan tidak teratur di pengaruhi oleh sejauhmana pengalaman rasa malu di alami sehingga menjadikan rasa tidak percaya diri, tidak menarik, tidak layak dalam kelompok sosial. Dan 22% menjawab biasa-biasa saja ketika ada yang mengejek mereka dan menganggap itu sebagai motivasi bagi mereka untuk menjadikan tubuhnya menjadi lebih proporsional (Duarte, 2017).…”

“…Pada wanita dengan gangguan makan, pengalaman rasa malu dengan penampilan fisik tampaknya memegang peran dalam penelitian ini. Apalagi hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya perubahan fungsi kognitif tubuh yang signifikan, Efek dari rasa malu pada tubuh dapat memberi efek negatif sehingga cenderung untuk mengikuti apa yang orang lain sampaikan terkait dengan kondisi tubuh, prilaku makan tidak teratur di pengaruhi oleh sejauhmana pengalaman rasa malu di alami sehingga menjadikan rasa tidak percaya diri, tidak menarik, tidak layak dalam kelompok sosial (Duarte, 2017).…”

Development of the Japanese Version of the Other as Shamer Scale using Item Response Theory

“…Correlations have been found between shame and many psychiatric symptoms, such as borderline personality disorders [4], eating disorders [5,6], anxiety [7], depression [3,8,9], and paranoia [10], among others. Therefore, shame is an essential factor related to mental health.…”

“…External shame is caused by the consciousness of others, that is, the concept that the self is negatively evaluated by others, which is correlated with depression [12], one's body image related to eating disorders [6], and one's self-image related to social anxiety disorders [13]. However, in Japan, no standardized scales exist to measure external shame.…”