The impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation on cropping season rainfall variability across Central Brazil

Abstract

The impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation on cropping season rainfall variability across Central Brazil The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) believes that open access contributes to its mission of reducing hunger and poverty, and improving human nutrition in the tropics through research aimed at increasing the eco-efficiency of agriculture. CIAT is committed to creating and sharing knowledge and information openly and globally. We do this through collaborative research as well as through the open sharing of our data, tools, and publications.

Increased climate pressure on the agricultural frontier in the Eastern Amazonia–Cerrado transition zone

“…El Nino is often associated with irregular or later-than-normal rains in Brazil’s Cerrado, including the main center-west grain belt, due to reduction in the number of rainy days 40 . The impact of La Niña on the growing season characteristics of Central Brazil was by delaying the onset of the rainy season and the growing season 41 . A reduction in soybean productivity was observed during El Niño in 2015/2016 (95.434.600 TM) as compared to 2014–2015 (96.243.300 TM) 42 .…”

Long-Term Lime and Phosphogypsum Amended-Soils Alleviates the Field Drought Effects on Carbon and Antioxidative Metabolism of Maize by Improving Soil Fertility and Root Growth

“…According to Gupta et al (2020) , drought is responsible for more annual losses of crop GY than all plant pathogens combined. Climatic anomalies related to longer periods of rain scarcity are becoming increasingly common in tropical regions ( Cunningham, 2020 ; Heinemann et al, 2021 ), limiting food production. Tropical regions with weathered and acidic soils present low nutrient availability and high Al 3+ levels, leading to restricted root growth and lower uptake of water and nutrients, especially under lower water supply ( Ritchey et al, 1982 ; Joris et al, 2013 ).…”

Influence of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the sypnotic systems on the rainfall variability over the Brazilian Cerrado via Climate Hazard Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data

“…Other years are related to the El Niño (1992, 1993), La Niña (1985, 1989, and 2012) performances, or both (2009 and 2010). The ENSO phases directly influence the rainfall regimes (Kayano et al, 2013;Veiga et al, 2013), including in the central region of Brazil (Borges et al, 2018;Heinemann et al, 2021), where a large area of the Cerrado biome, and it can also be influenced by the effects of the bordering biomes, like the Caatinga and Amazonia (Marengo et al, 2013;Correia Filho et al, 2019).…”

“…Rainfall is an indispensable meteorological variable involved in the debate on regional climate change (Trenberth et al ., 2014; Marengo et al ., 2016). It is essential for planning the agricultural calendar (Heinemann et al ., 2021), maintaining the ecosystem functioning (Correia Filho et al ., 2019; Sano et al ., 2020), managing water resources and the hydro‐based electricity sector, (Goldemberg and Lucon, 2007; Ferreira et al ., 2021), and, particularly, monitoring and managing disasters (Vörösmarty et al ., 2013; Ávila et al ., 2016; Correia Filho et al ., 2016; Marengo et al ., 2016). Any change in the multi‐scale (local and regional) rainfall regime may trigger several effects on economic sectors and the population's daily life (Trenberth et al ., 2014; Marengo et al ., 2016).…”