The Impact of Electronic Prescribing on the Professionalization of Community Pharmacists: A Qualitative Study of Pharmacists’ Perception

Motulsky, Aude; Winslade, Nancy; Tamblyn, Robyn; Sicotte, Claude

doi:10.18433/j3x59g

Cited by 19 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In addition, respondents did not perceive a large difference in terms of work processes or development of their professional role. A sample of Canadian pharmacists interviewed by Motulsky et al [10] identified more perceived change in terms of their professional role. However, in the Canadian system being evaluated, clinical information was given to patients; in the UK at present pharmacists do not receive any additional information over that received using the paper based system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

English community pharmacists’ experiences of using electronic transmission of prescriptions: a qualitative study

Garfield

Hibberd²,

Barber³

2013

BMC Health Serv Res

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BackgroundThe Electronic Prescription Service Release 2 (EPS2) in England has been designed to provide electronic transmission of digitally-signed prescriptions between primary care providers, with the intent on removing the large amounts of paper currently exchanged. As part of a wider evaluation of the EPS service, we wished to explore pharmacists’ experience with the new system and their perceptions of its benefits and any associated problems.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured telephone interviews with community pharmacists using EPS2. We used a purposive sampling technique to obtain views from pharmacists working in pharmacies with a range of sizes and locations and to include both independent pharmacies and multiples. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded using grounded theory to identify the main factors that have influenced deployment and implementation in the eyes of respondents. QSR Nvivo was used as to aid in this process.ResultsIt became apparent from the analysis that respondents perceived a wide range of advantages of EPS including improved safety, stock control, time management and improved relationships between pharmacy and General Practice staff. Respondents did not perceive a large difference in terms of work processes or development of their professional role. A large number of problems had been experienced in relation to both the technology itself and the way it was used by General Practices. It became apparent that work-around procedures had been developed for dealing with these issues but that not all these problems were perceived as having been addressed sufficiently at source. This sometimes had implications for the extent of EPS2 use and also limited some of the potential advantages of the EPS2 system, such as reduced effort in the management of prescription reimbursement. Respondents made suggestions for future improvements to EPS2. While interview data demonstrated that there were some feedback procedures in place, these were not regarded as being sufficient by the majority of respondents.ConclusionsWhilst pharmacists perceived a wide range of benefits of EPS, a large number of problems had been experienced. Despite these difficulties, no pharmacists expressed an overall negative view.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

English community pharmacists’ experiences of using electronic transmission of prescriptions: a qualitative study

Garfield

Hibberd²,

Barber³

2013

BMC Health Serv Res

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“…23 Many studies conducted in hospital settings have identified design flaws in HIT such as Computerized Physician Order Entry and Bar Code Assisted Medication Administration technology. 24 25 These design flaws have been linked to poor clinical outcomes which can easily lead to patient harm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retail pharmacy staff perceptions of design strengths and weaknesses of electronic prescribing

Odukoya¹,

Chui²

2012

J Am Med Inform Assoc

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Objective This paper explored pharmacy staff perceptions of the strengths and weaknesses of electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) design in retail pharmacies using the sociotechnical systems framework. This study examined how adoption of e-prescribing technology is affecting clinical practice and patient care. Materials and methods Direct observations and think aloud protocols were used to collect data from seven retail pharmacies. Results Pharmacists and pharmacy technicians reported strengths of e-prescribing design that facilitated pharmacy work which included: legibility, ease of archiving, quick access to prescriptions and consistency in the format of electronic prescriptions (e-prescriptions). Design weaknesses and potential hazards to patient care associated with e-prescribing systems were due to differences between pharmacy and prescriber computer systems which resulted in the selection of wrong patient or drug (name, directions, dose, strength, formulation, package sizes). There were unique strengths and weaknesses in the design of e-prescriptions peculiar to the three pharmacy computer systems examined in this study. Discussion Findings from this study can help inform policy on creating e-prescribing design standards for pharmacy. e-Prescribing system developers can use the results of this study to identify and apply the most usable features of the three main pharmacy computer systems to design systems that support dispensing efficiency and safety. Conclusions This is the first study to highlight design flaws with e-prescribing in retail pharmacies. The sociotechnical systems framework was useful in providing an indepth understanding of the pharmacist and pharmacy technician's interface with e-prescribing technology. This information can be used by policy makers to create e-prescribing standards for pharmacies.

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“…Therefore, it is important to evaluate e‐prescribing from different aspects, including the attitudes of involved actors. As e‐prescribing has significant impact on the work of prescribers and pharmacists, respectively, most studies have focused on their attitudes and the effects on their work [3,4,7,12–25] . However, the transition to e‐prescribing also leads to significant changes for the patients, and have the potential to create benefits for them [8,12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients satisfied with e-prescribing in Sweden: a survey of a nationwide implementation

Hammar¹,

Nyström²,

Petersson³

et al. 2011

Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research

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Objective To evaluate Swedish patients' attitudes towards e‐prescribing, including the transfer of e‐prescriptions, electronic storing of prescriptions and mail‐order prescriptions. Methods This study was a nationwide survey of attitudes among Swedish patients and was conducted as a postal questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed for the purpose of this study and aimed to evaluate respondents' views concerning e‐prescribing, electronic storing of e‐prescriptions and mail‐order prescriptions from aspects including safety, personal benefits and effectiveness. A study population of 1500 individuals meeting the inclusion criteria was randomly selected from a database of individuals in Sweden storing prescriptions electronically (n = 5 840 599).The response rate was 52% (739/1429). Key findings The vast majority of the respondents had a positive attitude towards e‐prescriptions (85%, 628/739) and electronic storing of prescriptions (86%, 633/739), and regarded e‐prescriptions to be safe (79%, 584/739), creating benefits for them (78%, 576/739) and promoting faster dispensing (69%, 512/739). Significant differences in attitudes towards e‐prescriptions and electronic storing of prescriptions were detected between age groups. Patients storing all their prescriptions electronically had a more positive attitude towards both e‐prescriptions and electronic storing of prescriptions compared to patients who stated they had paper prescriptions. The most common suggestion (n = 27) for improvement was to extend the information given about the services. Conclusion Our nationwide survey showed that a vast majority of Swedish patients had positive attitudes towards e‐prescriptions and electronic storing of prescriptions. However, a need for extended information regarding e‐prescribing was identified.

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The Impact of Electronic Prescribing on the Professionalization of Community Pharmacists: A Qualitative Study of Pharmacists’ Perception

Cited by 19 publications

References 42 publications

English community pharmacists’ experiences of using electronic transmission of prescriptions: a qualitative study

English community pharmacists’ experiences of using electronic transmission of prescriptions: a qualitative study

Retail pharmacy staff perceptions of design strengths and weaknesses of electronic prescribing

Patients satisfied with e-prescribing in Sweden: a survey of a nationwide implementation

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