The Impact of Epidemic Outbreak

Yip, Paul; Cheung, Yee Tak Derek; Chau, Pui Hing; Law, Yik Wa

doi:10.1027/0227-5910/a000015

Cited by 317 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These results are not surprising. During the SARS epidemic in 2003, a 30% increase in suicide attempts was observed among people over 65 years of age and nearly 50% of people after the infection were found to have increased anxiety symptoms [ 23 ]. Similar relationships were found in the United States during the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A different group, yet also significantly related to the risk of emotional consequences of the pandemic, are representatives of medical services [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Yip et al [ 23 ] estimate that emotional difficulties as a consequence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will occur in almost 30% of health care workers. Similarly, during the SARS epidemic in Singapore, as many as 27% of medical service employees reported symptoms related to the mental sphere [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental Health and the SARS-COV-2 Epidemic—Polish Research Study

Talarowska

Chodkiewicz

Nawrocka

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: The aim of this study was to assess the mental state of Poles in the first weeks of the SARS-COV-2 epidemic. Methods: In the study, the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-18), The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and Mini-Cope were used. Results: The study was conducted on a group of 443 individuals, including 348 women (78.6%) and 95 men (21.4%). There were more women (χ2 = 6.42, p = 0.02) in the group of people with high results in the GHQ-28 questionnaire and the differentiating factors between those with sten scores above 7 (significantly deteriorated mental health) and those with average or low results (sten score below 7) turned out to be: treatment for mental disorders before the pandemic (χ2 = 19.57, p < 0.001) and the use of psychotherapy during the pandemic (χ2 = 4.21, p = 0.04) and psychiatric pharmacotherapy (χ2 = 8.31, p = 0.01). The presence of suicidal thoughts since the appearance of the pandemic-related restraints and limitations significantly differentiates the compared groups (χ2 = 38.48, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Every fourth person in the examined group (over 26% of the respondents) recorded results that indicate a high probability of mental functioning disorders. Approximately 10% of the respondents signalled the occurrence of suicidal thoughts since the beginning of the pandemic. The respondents complain mainly about problems in everyday life, lack of satisfaction from one’s own activities, tension, trouble sleeping, and feelings of exhaustion. Individuals with significantly reduced mental well-being use non-adaptive coping strategies, such as denying problems, emotional discharge, taking substances, discontinuation of action, and blaming themselves for the situation. The risk factors for the deterioration of the mental state of the respondents during the pandemic include psychiatric treatment before the beginning of the pandemic, the presence of suicidal thoughts during forced isolation, and the use of non-adaptive coping strategies (denial of the existence of problems, emotional discharge, use of psychoactive substances, discontinuation of action, and blaming oneself for the situation).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health and the SARS-COV-2 Epidemic—Polish Research Study

Talarowska

Chodkiewicz

Nawrocka

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…For instance, in a recent, large survey of people highly susceptible to the coronavirus infection (i.e., Chinese medical workers), the prevalence rate of traumatic stress was at an alarming 73.4%, depression was at 50.7%, generalized anxiety was at 44.7%, and insomnia was at 36.1% (Liu et al, 2020). Although these findings are disturbing, they are not isolated, as research on the psychological impact of previous global disease outbreaks has demonstrated clear links between pandemic-related anxiety and elevated symptoms of stress, anxiety, contamination concerns, health anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and suicidality (Chong et al, 2004;Wheaton et al, 2012;Wu et al, 2009;Yip et al, 2010). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to fill a void in the mental health response to this growing public health crisis by developing and evaluating a brief mental health screener that can be used to reliably identify probable cases of dysfunctional anxiety and symptom severity associated with the coronavirus.…”

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confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety

2020

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Mental health concerns of people impacted by the coronavirus pandemic have not been adequately addressed. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the properties of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), which is a brief mental health screener to identify probable cases of dysfunctional anxiety associated with the COVID-19 crisis. This 5-item scale, which was based on 775 adults with anxiety over the coronavirus, demonstrated solid reliability and validity. Elevated CAS scores were found to be associated with coronavirus diagnosis, impairment, alcohol/drug coping, negative religious coping, extreme hopelessness, suicidal ideation, as well as attitudes toward President Trump and Chinese products. The CAS discriminates well between persons with and without dysfunctional anxiety using an optimized cut score of ! 9 (90% sensitivity and 85% specificity). These results support the CAS as an efficient and valid tool for clinical research and practice.

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“… 1 Increased levels of psychological distress, including post-traumatic stress, major depression and suicide, are commonly reported after mass disasters and pandemics. 2 , 3 Similarly, a recent meta-analysis of studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic has revealed high levels of stress, anxiety and depression in the community, 4 possibly exacerbated by extensive media coverage and the daily reporting of new cases and deaths. 5 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency department mental health presentations before and during the COVID-19 outbreak in Western Australia

Dragović

Pascu

Hall

et al. 2020

Australas Psychiatry

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Objective: Coronavirus (COVID-19) has led to high levels of psychological distress in the community. This study aimed to examine whether emergency departments (EDs) also recorded a rise in mental health presentations. Method: Changes in the number, and type, of mental health presentations to Western Australia EDs were examined between January and May 2020, and compared to 2019. Results: Data showed an unexpected decrease in the number of mental health presentations, compared to 2019, which was temporally coincident with the rise in local COVID-19 cases. Presentations for anxiety and panic symptoms, and social and behavioural issues, increased by 11.1% and 6.5%, respectively, but suicidal and self-harm behaviours decreased by 26%. Conclusion: A rise in local COVID-19 cases was associated with a decrease in mental health presentations to EDs. This has important implications for the planning and provision of healthcare services in the current pandemic.

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The Impact of Epidemic Outbreak

Cited by 317 publications

References 13 publications

Mental Health and the SARS-COV-2 Epidemic—Polish Research Study

Mental Health and the SARS-COV-2 Epidemic—Polish Research Study

Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety

Emergency department mental health presentations before and during the COVID-19 outbreak in Western Australia

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