The impact of esterification reactions on physical properties of cellulose thin films

Müller, Yvonne; Tot, Ivana; Potthast, Antje; Rosenau, Thomas; Zimmermann, Ralf; Eichhorn, Klaus‐Jochen; Nitschke, Christian; Scherr, Günter; Freudenberg, Uwe; Werner, Carsten

doi:10.1039/c0sm00005a

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As shown in Fig. 7a treatment with HCl caused the formation of a strong peak at 1731 cm − 1 which was assigned to the carbonyl stretching of newly formed ester linkages (i.e., COOC) or, equally likely, the carbonyl stretching of protonated carboxylates (i.e., COOH) (Müller et al 2010). This occurred for both curing temperatures (25°C and 70°C).…”

Section: Ftir Analysis Of Treated Cnf + Cmcmentioning

confidence: 83%

Controlled Dispersion and Setting of Cellulose Nanofibril - Carboxymethyl Cellulose Pastes

et al. 2021

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This work investigated the redispersion and setting behavior of highly loaded (~18 wt.% solids in water) pastes of cellulose nano brils (CNFs) with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). A single-screw extruder was used to continuously process CNF+CMC pastes into cord. The adsorption of CMC onto the CNF brils was assessed through zeta potential and titration which revealed a surface charge change of ~61 % from -36.8 mV and 0.094 mmol/g COOH for pure CNF to -58.1 mV and 0.166 mmol/g COOH for CNF+CMC with a CMC degree of substitution of 0.9. Dried CNF with adsorbed CMC was found to be fully redispersible in water and re-extruded back into a cord without any di culties. On the other hand, chemical treatment with hydrochloric acid, a carbodiimide crosslinker, or two wet strength enhancers (polyamide epichlorohydrin and polyamine epichlorohydrin) completely suppressed the dispersibility previously observed for dried-untreated CNF+CMC. Turbidity was used to quantify the level of redispersion or setting achieved by the untreated and chemically treated CNF+CMC in both water and a strong alkaline solution (0.1 M NaOH). Depending on the chemical treatment used, FTIR analysis revealed the presence of ester, N-acyl urea, and anhydride absorption bands which were attributed to newly formed linkages between CNF brils, possibly explaining the suppressed redispersion behavior. Water uptake of the differently treated and dried CNF+CMC materials agreed with both turbidity and FTIR results.

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Section: Ftir Analysis Of Treated Cnf + Cmcmentioning

confidence: 83%

Controlled Dispersion and Setting of Cellulose Nanofibril - Carboxymethyl Cellulose Pastes

et al. 2021

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“…Chemical modification showed to be an effective technique to enhance the film forming properties of cellulose and hemicellulose 13,14 . Thermoplastic materials were synthesized by esterified modification of cellulose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical modification was shown to be an effective technique to enhance the film forming properties of cellulose and hemicellulose. , Thermoplastic materials were synthesized by esterified modification of cellulose. The cellulose esters exhibited plasticized behaviors due to the destruction of inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding in cellulose .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming Sugarcane Bagasse into Bioplastics via Homogeneous Modification with Phthalic Anhydride in Ionic Liquid

Chen

Shi

2015

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The major challenges for directly converting lignocellulosic biomass into available materials in place of synthetic polymer materials are the complex chemical-physical structure and the narrow processing windows of the resources. In the present study, homogeneous chemical modification of sugarcane bagasse with phthalic anhydride was taken to be an improved strategy to meet the challenges. FT-IR and liquid-state NMR spectra confirmed the chemical structure of the sugarcane bagasse phthalates. Sugarcane bagasse phthalates with weight percentage gain higher than 32.9% were readily dissolved in organic solvents, and film materials were prepared by solution casting from the sugarcane bagasse phthalates. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry was applied to study the thermal behaviors of the sugarcane bagasse phthalates. Scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscopy and tensile testing were applied to study the morphologies and mechanical properties of the films. The results indicated that sugarcane bagasse was plasticized by homogeneous chemical modification with phthalic anhydride.

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“…Accordingly, there is a linear correlation between the water retention value and the degree of hornification [166]. A detailed insight into the chemical processes during hornification has been given [165,167]. The collapsing of the fiber and the reduction in water absorbance leads to a decrease in hygroexpansion when such hornified fibers are added to the pulp.…”

Section: Pulp Fractions and Hornificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the hygroexpansion of paper

Lindner

2017

J Mater Sci

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Paper is a widely used packaging material and is nowadays regaining importance, e.g., as bio-based and biodegradable material. Moreover, new technologies such as polymer-fiber composites, printed electronics and the deep drawing of paper are developing. The process stability and also the resulting quality of paper converting processes such as coating, metallization, printing, and the printing of electronics are highly affected by the hygroexpansion of paper. In order to reduce production instability and to choose and develop paper substrates with ideal characteristics, critical parameters need to be known. This paper offers an extensive overview of those parameters, starting at a molecular and microscopic level with the effect of the constituents and morphology of single fibers, before moving on to paper contents, chemical modifications and additives and finally concluding with paper production and fiber network modification. It was found that the major influences are single fiber sorption, inter-fiber contacts, microfibril angle, fiber morphology (length, width, curliness) and fiber orientation. This review gives new ideas and insights for technologists working in research, development and production optimization of paper-based products.

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The impact of esterification reactions on physical properties of cellulose thin films

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Controlled Dispersion and Setting of Cellulose Nanofibril - Carboxymethyl Cellulose Pastes

Controlled Dispersion and Setting of Cellulose Nanofibril - Carboxymethyl Cellulose Pastes

Transforming Sugarcane Bagasse into Bioplastics via Homogeneous Modification with Phthalic Anhydride in Ionic Liquid

Factors affecting the hygroexpansion of paper

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