The impact of export processing zones on employment, wages and labour conditions in developing countries: systematic review

Cirera, Xavier; Lakshman, Rajith W.D.

doi:10.1080/19439342.2017.1309448

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Therefore, migrant workers were often required to write an application (showing that they were willing to do) for working extra hours in needed case. By asking directly migrant workers to evaluate their working environment, 60% of them reported a suffer from work, especially 71.4% was in Yen Phong industrial zone, a significance higher than that was in Que Vo (Table 2).Those points of view are consistent with Cirera and Lakshman (2017) who argued that extra hour was compulsory and working hour inside industrial zones was long and even longer that that was outside the zones sometime.…”

Section: Working Environment and Income Of Migrant Workers In Industrsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Over the last three decades the development of special economic zones which are also called exported processing zones or industrial zones has created a large quantity of employments. However, additional jobs generated by the zones have not been well documented since 2006 (Cirera et al, 2014). Literature review also shows that almost all workers are originated from rural areas; however, the proportion of migrant workers differs from country to country.…”

Section: Describe Relevant Scholarshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of gender, the evidence shows that most of migrant workers were female in many developing countries (Thanh, 2010;Cirera et al, 2014). In fact, industrial zones including light industries such as food processing, garment and textile, electrical appliance and components, metal product, optical instrument, and toys and crafts manufacturing and assembling activities require unskilled labors (Rondinelli, 1987;Thanh, 2009;McCallum, 2011).…”

Section: Describe Relevant Scholarshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the proportion of female labor in industrial zones has declined over time. This might be related to changes in technology, the industrial composition of firms (labor-intensive to capital-intensive; light to heavy industries and wages (Kusago & Tzannatos, 1998;Cirera et al, 2014).…”

Section: Describe Relevant Scholarshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migrant Workers for the Development of Industrial Zones in Bac Ninh Province, Vietnam

Thanh

Lebailly

Nguyen

2018

ASS

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It is no doubt that industrial zones leverage economic development in many countries. However, migrant workers who are main labor forces in industrial zones faced to some vulnerable situations easily related to both working and non-working environment. Base on the survey of 190 migrant workers in two industrial zones in Bac Ninh, this study found that labor sustainability is threaten by going on the foot loose of traditional development of industrial zones. Migrant workers in these zones faced a trade-off between accepting a hard life and accumulating capitals as well as experiences for an expected better one afterward. They are going to be circular and leave these zones after staying several years on their works.

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Section: Working Environment and Income Of Migrant Workers In Industrsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Describe Relevant Scholarshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Describe Relevant Scholarshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Describe Relevant Scholarshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Migrant Workers for the Development of Industrial Zones in Bac Ninh Province, Vietnam

Thanh

Lebailly

Nguyen

2018

ASS

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“…The logic of pursuing limited locational upgrading within an SEZ relies on attracting MNEs with specific mandates that are concatenated to the development goals and the comparative advantage of the host country (more specifically, to the comparative advantage of the SEZ, since there may be differences between the characteristics on either side of the SEZ boundaries). The immediate net benefits of an SEZ, such as employment, capital flows and technology flows are often modest, and when considering the costs of infrastructure upgrading, foregone customs revenues, subsidies and incentives, etc., the net benefits may even be negative (Jayanthakumaran, 2003;Cirera and Lakshman, 2017;Alkon, 2018).…”

Section: Mne-assisted Development and Sezs As A Microcosmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using special economic zones to facilitate development: Policy implications

Narula¹,

Zhan²

2019

Transnational Corporations

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This issue of the Transnational Corporations journal is dedicated to special economic zones (SEZs) and their potential as vehicles for development. In compiling this issue, we sought to contextualise the emergence of SEZs, their evolution, and the associated policy trajectories that underpin them. This introductory paper| amalgamates observations from the broader academic literature, the findings of the World Investment Report 2019, and its associated background papers. A common theme is that a welldesigned zone will evolve with the changing comparative advantages and development level of the underlying economy, in what is described as the "SEZ development ladder". As the location advantages change, the emphasis and the objectives of the SEZ must also change. Reliance on "generic" location advantages must necessarily diminish, and greater emphasis needs to be placed on developing "specialized" location advantages. Another key finding is that the benefits of an SEZ must intentionally "leak" beyond the perimeter of the zone. The pervasiveness of the direct, indirect, and induced extra-SEZ effects beyond the geographically bounded space of the SEZ determines its success or failure. Scope remains for future research on SEZs focusing on their sustainability, the impact of the digital economy and industry 4.0, and the involvement of new financing partners for SEZ development.

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Strengthening women's empowerment and gender equality in fragile contexts towards peaceful and inclusive societies: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Lwamba¹,

Shisler²,

Ridlehoover³

et al. 2022

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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Background Across the globe, gender disparities still exist with regard to equitable access to resources, participation in decision‐making processes, and gender and sexual‐based violence. This is particularly true in fragile and conflict‐affected settings, where women and girls are affected by both fragility and conflict in unique ways. While women have been acknowledged as key actors in peace processes and post‐conflict reconstruction (e.g., through the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 and the Women, Peace and Security Agenda) evidence on the effectiveness of gender‐specific and gender‐transformative interventions to improve women's empowerment in fragile and conflict‐affected states and situations (FCAS) remains understudied. Objectives The purpose of this review was to synthesize the body of evidence around gender‐specific and gender‐transformative interventions aimed at improving women's empowerment in fragile and conflict‐affected settings with high levels of gender inequality. We also aimed to identify barriers and facilitators that could affect the effectiveness of these interventions and to provide implications for policy, practice and research designs within the field of transitional aid. Methods We searched for and screened over 100,000 experimental and quasi‐experimental studies focused on FCAS at the individual and community levels. We used standard methodological procedures outlined by the Campbell Collaboration for the data collection and analysis, including quantitative and qualitative analyses, and completed the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) methodology to assess the certainty around each body of evidence. Results We identified 104 impact evaluations (75% randomised controlled trials) assessing the effects of 14 different types of interventions in FCAS. About 28% of included studies were assessed as having a high risk of bias (45% among quasi‐experimental designs). Interventions supporting women's empowerment and gender equality in FCAS produced positive effects on the outcomes related to the primary focus of the intervention. There are no significant negative effects of any included interventions. However, we observe smaller effects on behavioural outcomes further along the causal chain of empowerment. Qualitative syntheses indicated that gender norms and practices are potential barriers to intervention effectiveness, while working with local powers and institutions can facilitate the uptake and legitimacy of interventions. Conclusions We observe gaps of rigorous evidence in certain regions (notably MENA and Latin America) and in interventions specifically targeting women as actors of peacebuilding. Gender norms and practices are important elements to consider in programme design and implementation to maximise potential benefits: focusing on empowerment only might not be enough in the absence of targeting the restrictive gender norms and practices that may undermine intervention effectiveness. Lastly, programme designers and im...

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The impact of export processing zones on employment, wages and labour conditions in developing countries: systematic review

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Migrant Workers for the Development of Industrial Zones in Bac Ninh Province, Vietnam

Migrant Workers for the Development of Industrial Zones in Bac Ninh Province, Vietnam

Using special economic zones to facilitate development: Policy implications

Strengthening women's empowerment and gender equality in fragile contexts towards peaceful and inclusive societies: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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