The impact of family co-residence and childcare on children’s cognitive skills

Deng, Lanfang; Li, Haizheng; Liu, Zhiqiang

doi:10.1080/00036846.2022.2108748

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In terms of academic performance, Pong and Chen (2010) discovered, based on samples from Taiwan, China, that cohabitation with grandparents has a significant positive impact on the academic performance of adolescents. Deng et al (2023) discovered that children residing in multigenerational households, where grandparents assumed the role of primary caregivers (i.e., three generations cohabiting), exhibited superior cognitive performance on standardized tests. Conversely, no significant disparities in cognitive abilities were observed between children living solely with both parents and those residing exclusively with their grandparents (known as skip-generation co-residence).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of family residence structure on adolescents’ non-cognitive abilities: evidence from China

Tang,

Xiao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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PurposeThe family residence structure serves as a crucial pathway through which the family environment influences adolescents’ development.MethodsDrawing on nationally representative data, this study employs multiple linear regression models and propensity score matching to examine the impact of various family residence structures on adolescents’ non-cognitive abilities. Causal identification is achieved through propensity score matching, while robustness is assessed using methods such as augmented inverse probability weighting and placebo tests. Heterogeneity analysis is conducted based on gender and household registration, aiming to explore the mechanisms by which family residence structure affects adolescents’ non-cognitive abilities.ResultsThe findings indicate that compared to two-parent co-residence households, three-generation co-residence families have significantly positive effects on emotional stability, conscientiousness, and agreeableness among adolescents. In contrast, skip-generation coresidence families exhibit significant negative effects on emotional stability and agreeableness in adolescents. Further investigation into the underlying mechanisms reveals that parental involvement and family socioeconomic status within three-generation co-residence families positively influence adolescents’ non-cognitive abilities.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of considering grandparents’ role in adolescent growth and advocates for policy recommendations focusing on enhancing non-cognitive abilities in adolescents from skip-generation co-residence families.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of family residence structure on adolescents’ non-cognitive abilities: evidence from China

Tang,

Xiao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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“…Family members in multigenerational households can enjoy a high emotional closeness and bonding across generations. Family kinship networks still play a significant role today in enhancing family social capital investment, which is found to be contributing to both adolescents’ academic performance (Zhang and Wu, 2021) and children’s cognitive skills at earlier stage (Lee, et al , 2021; Deng et al , 2022) in China and the USA. However, making multigenerational co-residence work for a family requires planning, flexibility and respect for all parties.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring multigenerational co-residence in the United States

Wang

Jia²

2022

IJHMA

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the increasing trend of multigenerational co-living in the USA and to research the socioeconomic and cultural determinants of such decision. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the 2017 American Housing Survey data to run descriptive and regression analysis. Findings The authors find household income appears consistently to be the most significant factor determining multigenerational co-residence decision across all household compositions. Latino households are most likely to co-reside with multiple generations, followed by Asian and African American households. Immigrants tend to live in multigenerational co-residential housing units with smaller sizes and more impoverished neighborhoods, but show greater flexibility in making residential arrangements once they gain better education. In addition, older householders or female householders are significantly more likely to co-reside with multiple generations. Living in metropolitan areas has no impact on co-residence choice, although some evidence suggests that multigenerational co-residential families tend to live in inferior neighborhoods. Research limitations/implications This study provides updated evidence on multigenerational co-residence choice in the contemporary United States. The findings provide evidence on how households make residential choices in response to financial hardships and contribute to the theoretical understanding of the variations of such decisions among immigrants and different ethnic and aging groups. Practical implications This study on multigenerational co-residence choice imposes important practical implications. The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic creates ideal research setting to study how households cope with the tremendous uncertainties in the job markets and financial markets. Although multigenerational co-living may work well for some households with lower or moderate-income for financial reasons, it is not an attractive option for every family. Social implications Sharing a home with multiple generations can be challenging. Policymakers should design policies and programs to provide households with guidance on how to live peacefully in multigenerational settings and make multigenerational co-living an appealing and cost-effective housing option for American families of all means. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing literature by providing new evidence on the determinants of multigenerational co-residence decision. This study’s findings are fundamental to guide policymakers in carrying out policies and programs aimed at providing a more appealing and cost-effective housing arrangement for American families. The evidence on the senior and minority subsamples are especially meaningful as the vast majority of the baby boom generation in the USA is aging and substantial growth is expected in multigenerational households over the next several decades. Understanding the increasing burden of old-age depression in aging societies will help policymakers prioritize public resources in city planning to address the needs of this rapidly growing population.

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Cognitive ability and stock market participation: evidence from China

Xu,

Alnafrah,

Dagestani

2024

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PurposeIt is imperative for policymakers, financial institutions, and individual investors to comprehend the factors that impact stock market participation, given the growing significance of the stock market in terms of personal and national wealth. This study endeavours to explore the relationship between cognitive ability and participation in the stock market. We examine the relationship between cognitive abilities and stock market participation, and further explore the mechanism of their influence.Design/methodology/approachThe data from the China Family Panel Studies is utilized, and Tobit and Probit regressions are employed. Additionally, an instrumental variable approach (IV-estimate) is implemented to address the endogeneity issue linked to cognitive ability, and the study’s findings are resilient.FindingsThe results reveal a significant positive relationship between cognitive ability and stock market participation. Additionally, the findings suggest that households with higher cognitive ability tend to aggregate more information, expand social networks, and take more risks. A likely explanation is that individuals with higher cognitive ability are more likely to process more external information and evaluate the subjective uncertainty of stock markets based on a well-defined probability distribution. Our findings indicate that the impact of cognitive ability on stock market participation varies among families with differing education levels, genders, marital statuses, and geographical locations.Originality/valueTherefore, the roles of cognitive abilities in accelerating stock market participation should be fully considered. More information channels and sources that contain financial markets’ information (e.g. mobile applications and financial education) should be provided. Thus, the significance of cognitive ability in increasing stock market participation should be fully considered. Providing more information channels and sources, such as mobile applications and financial education, that contain financial markets’ information would be helpful. Our study contributes to promoting financial literacy and inclusion by highlighting the significant positive impact of cognitive ability, where institutions can tailor their outreach efforts and information channels to better serve individuals with different cognitive ability.

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The impact of family co-residence and childcare on children’s cognitive skills

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

The impact of family residence structure on adolescents’ non-cognitive abilities: evidence from China

The impact of family residence structure on adolescents’ non-cognitive abilities: evidence from China

Exploring multigenerational co-residence in the United States

Cognitive ability and stock market participation: evidence from China

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