The impact of fiber arrangement and advective transport in porous electrodes for silver-based thermally regenerated batteries

Cross, Nicholas R.; Hall, Derek M.; Lvov, Serguei N.; Logan, Bruce E.; Rau, Matthew J.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138527

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…[ 22 ] Cross et al have been studied a 2D model of an Ag–NH 3 TRFB to design a porous electrode with variable void fractions to simultaneously slow clogging and increase the flow battery's power density. [ 23 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22] Cross et al have been studied a 2D model of an Ag-NH 3 TRFB to design a porous electrode with variable void fractions to simultaneously slow clogging and increase the flow battery's power density. [23] Several studies have also experimentally demonstrated the positive effects of optimized electrodes on the power density of Cu-NH 3 TRB and Cu-NH 3 TRFB, respectively. For example, increases in power density were found when using copper foam electrodes, [24] porous copper foam electrodes without additional electrolyte flow channels, [25] porous copper foam electrodes with decreasing void fraction along the electrolyte flow direction, [26] 3D-printed porous carbon electrodes electroplated with copper, [27] or porous bimetallic copper foam electrodes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Waste Heat to Power: Full‐Cycle Analysis of a Thermally Regenerative Flow Battery

et al. 2022

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To achieve the climate goals of the Paris Agreement, efficient use of energy is critical. Still, approximately 30% (31.9 EJ) of the energy input to global industry is lost as waste heat, with 28% as so-called low-temperature waste heat between 60 and 120 °C. [1] Therefore, using low-temperature waste heat offers an opportunity to develop the potential of waste heat and thereby reduce global greenhouse gas emissions.Technologies to utilize low-temperature waste heat can be divided into three categories: 1) passive heat recovery (e.g., heat exchangers); 2) heat transformation (e.g., heat pumps); and 3) power production (e.g., organic Rankine cycles (ORCs)). [2] Among these technologies, power-production technologies have the advantage that electrical power has a higher energy quality than heat. Thus, power production from lowtemperature waste heat is a promising target.For power production from low-temperature waste heat, the ORC can be considered as state-of-the-art technology. [3] The advantages of ORCs include the use of standard components, often known from the well-researched Rankine cycle, and the possibility of using working fluids perfectly tailored for a specific application. [4] Despite the advantages, today's ORCs are often unprofitable for converting low-temperature heat due to their system complexity and low thermal efficiencies. [4,5] Rahimi et al. [6] have recently reviewed three alternative technologies for power production from low-temperature waste heat: 1) thermo-osmotic energy conversion (TOEC); 2) thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle (TREC); and 3) thermally regenerative battery (TRB).TOEC are turbine-based systems that exploit a static pressure difference between a high-pressure reservoir at ambient temperature and a low-pressure reservoir at heat source temperature. [6] TOEC directly integrates heat by vaporizing water through a vapor-permeable membrane from the low-pressure to the high-pressure reservoir. [7] The TREC is an electrochemical cell that exploits a temperaturedependent redox couple. [6] The temperature dependence allows

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Waste Heat to Power: Full‐Cycle Analysis of a Thermally Regenerative Flow Battery

et al. 2022

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“…One topic examined is the impact of advective transport through different flow fields and fiber arrangements to improve electrode utilization. 12,13 Simulations have also been used to demonstrate how electrolyte composition impacts battery performance by elucidating diffusive mass transport effects. 14,15 A full cycle analysis was conducted on the metallic-copper TRAB to investigate trade-offs between power density and efficiency to identify the operating conditions to maximize each simultaneously.…”

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Simulating Discharge Curves of an All-Aqueous TRAB to Identify Pathways for Improving System Performance

Cross,

Rau,

Gorski

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Thermally regenerative ammonia batteries (TRABs) are an emerging technology that use low temperature heat (T < 150 °C) to recharge a flow battery that produces electrical power on demand. The all-aqueous copper TRAB can provide high power densities and thermal energy efficiencies relative to other devices that harvest energy from waste heat, but its performance is adversely impacted by the crossover of undesired species through the membrane and lower cell voltages compared to conventional batteries. In this work, we developed a numerical model to simulate discharge curves while accounting for crossover inefficiencies without tracking all electrolyte species through the membrane. The model was able to successfully reproduce discharge curves across a diverse range of battery conditions using a single fitting parameter to account for decay of electrode standard potential due to species crossover with minimal error (< 5%). The model was then used to simulate different design scenarios to estimate changes in energy output from alterations to the aspects of the battery electrolyte chemistry. Results from this study are used to identify pathways for improving future TRAB designs with respect to energy capacity and cost-effectiveness of the technology.

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Development of a membrane-less microfluidic thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery towards small-scale low-grade thermal energy recovery

Shi

Zhang

et al. 2022

Applied Energy

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The impact of fiber arrangement and advective transport in porous electrodes for silver-based thermally regenerated batteries

Cited by 10 publications

References 43 publications

Waste Heat to Power: Full‐Cycle Analysis of a Thermally Regenerative Flow Battery

Waste Heat to Power: Full‐Cycle Analysis of a Thermally Regenerative Flow Battery

Simulating Discharge Curves of an All-Aqueous TRAB to Identify Pathways for Improving System Performance

Development of a membrane-less microfluidic thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery towards small-scale low-grade thermal energy recovery

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