The impact of field bean inclusion level in dairy cow diets on cow performance and nutrient utilisation

Johnston, David; Theodoridou, Katerina; Ferris, C.P.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2018.12.015

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Moreover, fava beans have a high suitability in organic milk production systems due to the N fixation ability. Minor effects on milk constituents, but not on milk production, have been shown in previous studies comparing fava beans with soybean meal (Ingalls and McKirdy, 1974;Comellini et al, 2009;Tufarelli et al, 2012), rapeseed meal (Ingalls and McKirdy, 1974;Puhakka et al, 2016;Ramin et al, 2017), and mixtures of soybean meal and rapeseed meal (Johnston et al, 2019) in diets to dairy cows. However, these studies were not conducted among high-yielding cows fed grass-clover silage and corn silage-based rations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…However, these studies were not conducted among high-yielding cows fed grass-clover silage and corn silage-based rations. Furthermore, Johnston et al (2019) also showed that moderate substitution of soybean meal with fava beans affected milk composition, which indicated that moderate rather than total substitution of the protein source was suitable. A gradual substitution will mostly likely be more appropriate in practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fava beans can substitute soybean meal and rapeseed meal as protein source in diets for lactating dairy cows

Hansen

Johansen

Wiking

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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The effect of replacing mixtures of wheat and soybean meal and wheat and rapeseed meal by toasted fava beans, and the effect of toasting fava beans on feed intake, milk yield, and composition of milk and feces were investigated using 40 Holstein cows in each of two 4 × 4 Latin square design trials conducted simultaneously. In trial 1, the 4 treatment concentrates were untreated fava beans, toasted fava beans, 42% soybean meal + 58% rolled wheat, and a 21, 29, and 50% mix of soybean meal, rolled wheat, and toasted fava beans, respectively [on dry matter (DM) basis]. In trial 2, the 4 experimental treatments were untreated fava beans, toasted fava beans, 64% rapeseed meal + 36% rolled wheat, and a 32, 18, and 50% mix of rapeseed meal, rolled wheat, and toasted fava beans, respectively (on DM basis). In each trial, 16 primiparous and 24 multiparous cows were fed the treatment concentrates as part of a partial mixed ration, of which the forage consisted of 50% corn silage and 50% grass-clover silage. Substitution of soybean meal and wheat or rapeseed meal and wheat with toasted fava beans did not affect total DM intake, and no linear effects were observed on milk yield or energy-corrected milk (ECM) yield. However, in trial 2, a quadratic effect was observed on milk yield when substituting rapeseed meal and wheat with toasted fava beans. In both trials, substitution of soybean meal and wheat or rapeseed meal and wheat with toasted fava beans increased milk lactose concentration and decreased milk protein yield and concentration of protein in milk. In both trials, fecal concentration of starch increased linearly when substituting soybean meal and wheat or rapeseed meal and wheat with toasted fava beans. In trial 2, fecal concentration of P decreased when substituting rapeseed meal and wheat with toasted fava beans. In situ investigations showed increased rumen undegradable protein concentration and thereby increased estimated metabolizable protein supply when toasting fava beans. However, in both trials, milk protein yield and concentration decreased when cows were fed toasted compared with untreated fava beans. Furthermore, when cows were fed toasted compared with untreated fava beans in trial 1, milk yield, ECM yield, and nitrogen efficiency decreased. We conclude that toasted fava beans could substitute soybean meal and wheat or rapeseed meal and wheat with regard to ECM yield. However, milk protein yield decreased when substituting soybean meal and wheat or rapeseed meal and wheat with toasted fava beans. Compared with untreated fava beans, toasting had no positive effect on milk production and nitrogen efficiency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fava beans can substitute soybean meal and rapeseed meal as protein source in diets for lactating dairy cows

Hansen

Johansen

Wiking

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…However, the NUE of alternative grain legumes seems rather similar to soya bean and rapeseed meal in most of the studies (Table 4). It can be speculated that the inclusion of faba beans or peas in the dairy cow diet could increase starch intake and shift rumen fermentation towards propionate thus mitigating ruminal CH4 production, but in recent studies (Ramin et al, 2017;Cherif et al, 2018;Johnston et al, 2019) the effect on CH4 emission intensity has been negligible (Table 4).…”

Section: Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimising ruminal function: the role of silage and concentrate in dairy cow nutrition to improve feed efficiency and reduce methane and nitrogen emissions

Vanhatalo¹,

Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau²

2020

Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science

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Ruminant farm animals contribute significantly to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, but the emissions can be greatly reduced by nutrition. Sustainable dairy cow feeding strategy to mitigate GHG and N emissions should make the most of the unique ability of ruminants to convert local human-inedible biomass to high-quality dairy foods. In this chapter, we review the potential of silage plant species (grass, forage legumes, maize) and stage of maturity of silage crops as well as dietary forage to concentrate ratio to reduce environmental footprint of dairy cows in the temperate areas without compromising animal performance. Dairy cow performance is examined in terms of feed intake, milk yield, feed and N efficiency, and methane emission intensity. The role of concentrate composition (lipids, carbohydrates and protein) is also evaluated. As a case study, the potential of milled rapeseed to reduce environmental footprint of grass silage-based diet is evaluated in practical farm conditions.

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“…As a result, using faba bean to substitute some feeds such as soybean and pea shows its economic values. Recently, trials attempted to substitute soybean meal and corn grain with faba bean in dairy cows (Cherif et al, 2018; Johnston, Theodoridou, & Ferris, 2019; Johnston, Theodoridou, Gordon, et al, 2019; Mendowski et al, 2019) have been conducted and the results showed it is feasible to include faba bean in dairy cow diets without changing the performance. In addition, the use of whole plant faba bean silage as a forage source has been tested and the potential was proved (McKnight and MacLeod 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using vibrational molecular spectroscopy to reveal carbohydrate molecular structure properties of faba bean partitions and faba bean silage before and after rumen incubation in relation to nutrient availability and supply to dairy cattle

Yan

Deng

2022

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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To our knowledge, there is limited study on the relationship between the molecular structure of feed and nutrient availability in the ruminant system. The objective of this study is to use advanced vibrational molecular spectroscopy (attenuated total reflection [ATR]–Fourier transform infrared [FT/IR]) to reveal carbohydrate molecular structure properties of faba bean partitions (stem, leaf, whole pods [WP], and whole plant) and faba bean silage before and after rumen incubation in relation to nutrient availability and supply to dairy cattle. The study included the correlation between carbohydrate‐related spectral profiles and chemical profiles, feed energy values, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System carbohydrate fractions, and rumen degradation parameters of faba bean samples (whole crop, stem, leaf, WP, and silage) before and after rumen incubation. FTIR spectra of faba bean sample before and after 12 and 24 h rumen incubations were collected with JASCO FT/IR‐4200 with ATR at mid‐IR range (ca. 4000–700 cm−1) with 128 scans and at 4 cm−1 resolution. The univariate molecular spectral analysis was carried out using OMNIC software. The results show that ATR–FT/IR spectroscopic technique could detect the change of microbial digestion to carbohydrate‐related molecular structure. The spectral parameters of feed rumen incubation residues had a stronger correlation with less degradable carbohydrate fractions (neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose) while spectral profiles of original faba samples had a stronger correlation with easily degradable carbohydrate fractions (starch). In conclusion, rumen degradation of carbohydrate contents can be reflected in the change of its molecular spectral profiles. The study shows that vibrational molecular spectroscopy (ATR–FT/IR) shows high potential as a fast analytical tool to evaluate and predict nutrient supply in the ruminant system.

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The impact of field bean inclusion level in dairy cow diets on cow performance and nutrient utilisation

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Fava beans can substitute soybean meal and rapeseed meal as protein source in diets for lactating dairy cows

Fava beans can substitute soybean meal and rapeseed meal as protein source in diets for lactating dairy cows

Optimising ruminal function: the role of silage and concentrate in dairy cow nutrition to improve feed efficiency and reduce methane and nitrogen emissions

Using vibrational molecular spectroscopy to reveal carbohydrate molecular structure properties of faba bean partitions and faba bean silage before and after rumen incubation in relation to nutrient availability and supply to dairy cattle

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