The Impact of Global Warming on Agriculture: A Ricardian Analysis: Reply

Mendelsohn, Robert; Nordhaus, William D.

doi:10.1257/aer.89.4.1046

Cited by 660 publications

(685 citation statements)

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“…Inclusion of a broader range of adaptations, including more significant and systemic change in resource allocations, would presumably increase the benefits, particularly if those adaptations included alternative land use and livelihood options. For instance, so-called Ricardian studies (30) that implicitly incorporate such adaptation routinely find impacts of climate change that are lower than those assessed using crop models. The balance between these opposing tendencies is currently unclear; more comprehensive analyses to identify the limits of adaptation are warranted.…”

Section: -26) These Adaptations Includementioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting agriculture to climate change

Howden¹,

Soussana

Tubiello

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,719

1,003

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The strong trends in climate change already evident, the likelihood of further changes occurring, and the increasing scale of potential climate impacts give urgency to addressing agricultural adaptation more coherently. There are many potential adaptation options available for marginal change of existing agricultural systems, often variations of existing climate risk management. We show that implementation of these options is likely to have substantial benefits under moderate climate change for some cropping systems. However, there are limits to their effectiveness under more severe climate changes. Hence, more systemic changes in resource allocation need to be considered, such as targeted diversification of production systems and livelihoods. We argue that achieving increased adaptation action will necessitate integration of climate change-related issues with other risk factors, such as climate variability and market risk, and with other policy domains, such as sustainable development. Dealing with the many barriers to effective adaptation will require a comprehensive and dynamic policy approach covering a range of scales and issues, for example, from the understanding by farmers of change in risk profiles to the establishment of efficient markets that facilitate response strategies. Science, too, has to adapt. Multidisciplinary problems require multidisciplinary solutions, i.e., a focus on integrated rather than disciplinary science and a strengthening of the interface with decision makers. A crucial component of this approach is the implementation of adaptation assessment frameworks that are relevant, robust, and easily operated by all stakeholders,

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Section: -26) These Adaptations Includementioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting agriculture to climate change

Howden¹,

Soussana

Tubiello

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,719

1,003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Alternatively, other approaches (notably the hedonic or 'Ricardian' approach) (Mendelsohn et al, 1994(Mendelsohn et al, , 2000Reilly et al, 1996) use analogues from different climates affecting farming areas and use land values or other proxies to extrapolate the impact of a changed climate. Variation in capital values is taken as a reflection of the economic costs of climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Doing so can provide valuable insights but in terms of economics, the process and hence the costs of changing state are ignored (Tol et al, 1998). Mendelsohn et al (1994) use this method to estimate climate change impacts on US agriculture. Temporal analogues examine how adaptation has occurred historically, such as in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation in agriculture: historic effects of heat waves and droughts on UK agriculture

Wreford¹,

Adger

2010

International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability

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Extreme weather events are expected to increase in frequency and/or severity under climate change. Recent examples of these types of events, such as the heat wave in Europe in 2003, have caused considerable damage to crops and agriculture and substantial economic damage. If similar damage was incurred every time such an event occurred in the future, it would cause increasingly serious loss to social welfare and the economy as the frequency or intensity of these events increased. However, agriculture has a history of adapting to shocks, and in this paper we aim to determine whether there has been a systematic reduction in damage from historic extreme events over time in the agricultural sector in the UK. The impact of comparable droughts or heat waves over the past four decades is compared, and for many commodities there appears to have been a reduction in damage over time, to the point where recent events have had a minimal impact on production, indicating that the sector is relatively well adapted to the current climate. We discuss whether this type of adaptation can be sustained into the future under more rapid rates of change, or whether the 'low-hanging' fruits of adaptation have been picked.

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“… 7 A number of studies have estimated the impact on the value of crop and livestock production under various scenarios, with a focus on the United States (Mendelsohn, Nordhaus and Shaw 1994, Schlenker, Hanemann and Fisher 2006, Deschênes and Greenstone 2007). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Has climate change driven urbanization in Africa?

Henderson

Storeygard

Deichmann³

2017

Journal of Development Economics

242

130

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This paper documents strong but differentiated links between climate and urbanization in large panels of districts and cities in Sub-Saharan Africa, which has dried substantially in the past fifty years. The key dimension of heterogeneity is whether cities are likely to have manufacturing for export outside their regions, as opposed to being exclusively market towns providing local services to agricultural hinterlands. In regions where cities are likely to be manufacturing centers (25% of our sample), drier conditions increase urbanization and total urban incomes. There, urban migration provides an “escape” from negative agricultural moisture shocks. However, in the remaining market towns (75% of our sample), cities just service agriculture. Reduced farm incomes from negative shocks reduce demand for urban services and derived demand for urban labor. There, drying has little impact on urbanization or total urban incomes. Lack of structural transformation in Africa inhibits a better response to climate change.

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The Impact of Global Warming on Agriculture: A Ricardian Analysis: Reply

Cited by 660 publications

References 2 publications

Adapting agriculture to climate change

Adapting agriculture to climate change

Adaptation in agriculture: historic effects of heat waves and droughts on UK agriculture

Has climate change driven urbanization in Africa?

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