The impact of ground-level fireworks (13 km long) display on the air quality during the traditional Yanshui Lantern Festival in Taiwan

Chang, Shih-Yu; Lin, Ta Hsiung; Young, Chea-Yuan; Lee, Chung Te

doi:10.1007/s10661-010-1347-1

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The PM 2.5 concentrations recorded in the current study during a Yanshui beehive firework display did not match with those measured by Chang et al (2011) and Lin et al (2014). The mismatch could result from the difference in the monitoring locations, data resolutions, and meteorological conditions.…”

Section: Meteorological Conditions During the Beehive Firework Displacontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…In the current study, the 5-min maximum PM 2.5 concentration during the episode period increased to 593.9 µg m -3 , which was 22 times the value during the nonepisode period. Chang et al (2011) observed that the PM 2.5 concentration during a Yanshui beehive firework display reached 250 µg m -3…”

Section: Meteorological Conditions During the Beehive Firework Displamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It is famous for its firework display at the Lantern Festival, and it has a population of 26,000 and an area of 52 km 2 . It is estimated that more than 100,000 tourists, which is four times the local population, visit Yanshui on the day of the Lantern Festival (Chang et al, 2011). Fig.…”

Section: Monitoring Site Monitoring Equipment and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the firework display is performed close to the ground, its effect on air quality is more severe than aerial pyrotechnic displays. Chang et al (2011) showed that the PM 10 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 µm) and PM 2.5 concentrations during the beehive firework display can reach approximately 430 and 250 µg m -3 , respectively, which are 10 times the normal values. Furthermore, Lin et al (2014) demonstrated that the PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations at a downwind location relative to the location of a beehive firework display were 570 and 430 µg m -3 , respectively, which were 4.6 and 12.5 times greater than the daily mean values specified by Taiwan national standards (125 µg m -3 for PM 10 and 35 µg m -3 for PM 2.5 ), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Lin et al (2014) demonstrated that the PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations at a downwind location relative to the location of a beehive firework display were 570 and 430 µg m -3 , respectively, which were 4.6 and 12.5 times greater than the daily mean values specified by Taiwan national standards (125 µg m -3 for PM 10 and 35 µg m -3 for PM 2.5 ), respectively. Additionally, the aerosols produced by the beehive firework displays are high in Cl -, K + , and Mg 2+ ions, which are related to the materials used in the fireworks (Chang et al, 2011;Lin et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ambient PM2.5, Black Carbon, and Particle Size-Resolved Number Concentrations and the Ångström Exponent Value of Aerosols during the Firework Display at the Lantern Festival in Southern Taiwan

Lin

Yang

Chen

2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The Yanshui Beehive Firework Festival is a traditional folk activity in Southern Taiwan held during the Lantern Festival, and it is the third largest folk celebration in the world. During this festival, more than 200 firecracker towers with hundreds of thousands of firecrackers are ignited, posing a risk to public health because of an abrupt increase in particulate matter concentrations within a short period. In this study, real-time variations of PM 2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 µm), black carbon (BC), and particle number concentrations were monitored before and during the firework display to understand the effect of the firework display on the short-term air quality. The hourly average concentrations of PM 2.5 , BC, total particle number, and ultrafine particle number during the firework display (episode period) were 146.9 µg m -3 , 2639 ng m -3 , 3.37 × 10 4 # cm -3 , and 1.18 × 10 4 # cm -3 , respectively. These values were 6.9, 2.3, 5.9, and 3.7 times greater than those during the same period on reference days (nonepisode period), respectively. The measured ultraviolet BC (UVBC) and BC concentrations indicated that aerosols were bound with ultraviolet-absorbing organic compounds, which were abundant, during the episode period. BC aerosols during the episode originated from vehicular traffic and firecracker burning, and the absorption Ångström exponent value was 1.4. The particle number size distribution during the episode period showed a major accumulation mode and a minor Aitken mode of 180 and 63 nm, respectively. This particle number size distribution pattern was considerably different from that in the nonepisode period. During the episode period, particle coagulation played a crucial role in removing particles in the nucleation and Aitken modes in the ambient air at high particle number concentrations.

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Section: Meteorological Conditions During the Beehive Firework Displacontrasting

confidence: 78%

Section: Meteorological Conditions During the Beehive Firework Displamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Monitoring Site Monitoring Equipment and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ambient PM2.5, Black Carbon, and Particle Size-Resolved Number Concentrations and the Ångström Exponent Value of Aerosols during the Firework Display at the Lantern Festival in Southern Taiwan

Lin

Yang

Chen

2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Assessing the Abundance of Pyrotechnic Traces from New Year′s Eve Celebrations in the Netherlands: Implications for Forensic Explosives Investigations

van Damme,

Hulsbergen,

Allers

et al. 2024

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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To ensure a correct interpretation of the presence and abundance of pyrotechnic traces at a crime scene, it is essential to understand reference background levels and the extent to which they are affected by specific activities such as fireworks displays. A total of 112 objects throughout the Netherlands were sampled before and/or after New Year′s Eve 2017, 2018, 2022, and 2023. Sample extracts were analysed with Ion Chromatography ‐ Mass Spectrometry to determine the concentrations of 17 inorganic ions relevant to forensic explosives investigations. The ions SO42−, NO3−, Na+, K+, Cl−, PO43− Ca2+, Mg2+, and NH4+ were found most often (33–98%) before New Year′s Eve. The maximum amounts recovered ranged from 52.63 to 1071.50 μg for this set of ions. Only 3% of outdoor objects carried detectable levels of ClO4−, with a maximum amount of 0.55 μg per 2.3 dm2. It appears that NO2−, SCN−, ClO3−, S2O32−, Li+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ are generally absent in the Dutch environment. While fireworks displays do not seem to greatly affect the background levels of inorganic ions related to explosives, mean ClO4− levels were increased on January 1st (p=0.02). Sporadically, high levels of Cl−, SO42−, K+, and even a trace amount of Sr2+ were observed after New Year′s Eve. These findings are of great forensic relevance for pre‐ and post‐explosion investigations involving trace levels.

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Regulatory effects on particulate pollution in the early hours of Chinese New Year, 2015

Lai

Brimblecombe

2017

Environ Monit Assess

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Human activities are a key driver of air pollution, so it is hardly surprising that celebrations affect air quality. The use of fireworks contributes to high particulate concentrations in many parts of the world, with the Chinese Lunar New Year (spring festival) particularly noticeable, as firecrackers are traditionally used to drive off evil spirits. Fireworks lead to short-term peaks in the concentration of PM10, PM2.5 and SO2. Regulatory actions that restrict the use of fireworks have been evident in China since the 1990s. This paper investigates the particulate concentrations in nine Chinese cities (Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing, Tianjin, Xi’an, Nanjing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, along with Hong Kong (a Special Administrative Region) and Taipei and Kaohsiung (Taiwan) with a particular focus on the celebrations of 2015. Extremely high concentrations of particulate matter were observed, with some sites revealing peak PM10 concentrations in excess of 1000 μg m−3 in the early hours of the New Year. In Beijing, Tianjin and Chongqing, the activities caused high particulate matter concentrations at most sites throughout the city. These peaks in particulate load in the early hours of Chinese New Year do not appear to be closely related to meteorological parameters. However, in cities where fireworks appear to be better regulated, there are fewer sharp pollution peaks just after midnight, although lowered air quality can still be found in the outer parts of some cities, remote from regulatory pressures. A few cities seem to have been effective at reducing the impact of the celebrations on air quality, with Nanjing a recent example. An increasing focus on light displays and electric lanterns also seems to offer a sense of celebration with much reduced impacts on air quality.

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The impact of ground-level fireworks (13 km long) display on the air quality during the traditional Yanshui Lantern Festival in Taiwan

Cited by 38 publications

References 14 publications

Ambient PM2.5, Black Carbon, and Particle Size-Resolved Number Concentrations and the Ångström Exponent Value of Aerosols during the Firework Display at the Lantern Festival in Southern Taiwan

Ambient PM2.5, Black Carbon, and Particle Size-Resolved Number Concentrations and the Ångström Exponent Value of Aerosols during the Firework Display at the Lantern Festival in Southern Taiwan

Assessing the Abundance of Pyrotechnic Traces from New Year′s Eve Celebrations in the Netherlands: Implications for Forensic Explosives Investigations

Regulatory effects on particulate pollution in the early hours of Chinese New Year, 2015

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