The impact of health financing and CO2 emission on health outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-country analysis

Sirag, Abdalla; Nor, Norashidah Mohamed; Law, Siong Hook; Abdullah, Rusli; Lacheheb, Miloud

doi:10.1007/s10708-016-9749-4

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It confirms recent conclusion made by Boachie and Ramu (2016) in their preliminary study on the effect of government health spending on health status in Ghana. The findings also resonate with those reported by Mohapatra (2016) and Sirag et al (2016). Therefore, increasing public health expenditure would lead to improved health for the people.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Recent studies have lent credence to the findings of Hanmer et al (2003); Baldacci et al (2002); and Rajkumar and Swaroop (2008). Using various econometric techniques, these studies have shown that government expenditure on health is essential to improving health conditions (Akinkugbe and Mohanoe 2009;Anyanwu and Erhijakpor 2009;Bokhari et al 2007;Novignon et al 2012;Heijink et al 2013, Kim andLane 2013;Rad et al 2013;Makuta and O'Hare 2015;Mohapatra 2016;Sirag et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Public Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes: New Evidence from Ghana

2018

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The effect of government spending on population’s health has received attention over the past decades. This study re-examines the link between government health expenditures and health outcomes to establish whether government intervention in the health sector improves outcomes. The study uses annual data for the period 1980–2014 on Ghana. The ordinary least squares (OLS) and the two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimators are employed for analyses; the regression estimates are then used to conduct cost-effectiveness analysis. The results show that, aside from income, public health expenditure contributed to the improvements in health outcomes in Ghana for the period. We find that, overall, increasing public health expenditure by 10% averts 0.102–4.4 infant and under-five deaths in every 1000 live births while increasing life expectancy at birth by 0.77–47 days in a year. For each health outcome indicator, the effect of income dominates that of public spending. The cost per childhood mortality averted ranged from US$0.20 to US$16, whereas the cost per extra life year gained ranged from US$7 to US$593.33 (2005 US$) during the period. Although the health effect of income outweighs that of public health spending, high (and rising) income inequality makes government intervention necessary. In this respect, development policy should consider raising health sector investment inter alia to improve health conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Public Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes: New Evidence from Ghana

2018

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“…Other studies show that public health expenditure is key to improving population's health (Anyanwu & Erhijakpor, 2009;Bokhari et al, 2007;Makuta & O'Hare, 2015;Novignon et al, 2012;Plumper & Neumayer, 2013;Rajkumar & Swaroop, 2008;Sirag et al, 2016;. Though Plumper and Neumayer (2013) find that public health spending is important for better health outcomes, they recommend that governments carefully balance efficiency and equity issues through higher private health expenditures, particularly outof-pocket expenditures, in their quest for better health outcomes.…”

Section: Previous Empirical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There seems to be little disagreement on the positive effect of income on health (see Bokhari et al, 2007;Filmer & Pritchett, 1999;Gupta, Verhoeven, & Tiongson, 2002;Hanmer et al, 2003;Rajkumar & Swaroop, 2008;Sirag, Mohamed, Law, Abdullah, & Lacheheb, 2016). While higher levels of income are usually associated with better health, such association is realised through better nutrition, public health services (such as improved sanitation and water) and quality medical care (Cutler & Miller, 2005;Deaton, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant Mortality in Low- and Middle-income Countries: Does Government Health Spending Matter?

Boachie

Põlajeva

Frimpong

2020

Journal of Development Policy and Practice

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The issue of whether government health spending improves health outcomes has been a matter of contention over the years. There have been calls for governments to reduce their financing role in the health sector since such funding do not produce better health. This article examines the effect of public (i.e., government) health expenditure on infant mortality, a proxy of health outcomes, in low- and middle-income countries. We use data from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators database and employ fixed effects estimation technique, with three-stage least squares as a robustness check. The data cover the period 1995–2014. We find that public health expenditure improves health outcomes significantly, as it reduces infant mortality. The results further show that rising income and access to safe water are some of the reasons for improved health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. Based on these results and the expected redistributive impact of government spending, governments in low- and middle-income countries may consider increasing health spending for better healthcare systems and improved health.

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“…Factors like increase in population, energy use, economic growth, demand for goods and services have contributed to the increase of carbon-dioxide emission in Sub Saharan Africa [4][5][6][7], and reiterate that energy use for economic growth, has led to massive production of carbon emissions which have led to climate change and increase in respiratory diseases and asthma. According to researchers [2,5,[8][9][10], carbon emissions is on increase in Sub-Saharan Africa. There is an increase in the utilization of fossil energies in Sub-Saharan Africa that has advanced poor economic growth; despite renewable sources of energies are used their wastes are capable of polluting the environment; and endangering millions of biological species [11].…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Economic Growth, Energy Use and Population Growth on Carbon Emissions in Sub-Sahara Africa

Ssali¹,

Du²,

Hongo³

et al. 2018

JESE-B

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The study examines the impact of economic growth, energy use and population growth on carbon emissions in sub Saharan Africa: Kenya, Nigeria, Botswana, Benin, Togo and Mauritius for the period of 1990-2014. The study employed unit root test, co-integration test, VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) and FMOLS (Fully Modified Ordinary Least-Square) as methodologies to model the causality and linear relationships amongst the variables. The VECM was used to identify the long-run causality and asymptotic convergence among the variables. The results reveal that an increase in energy use and population growth by 1% would cause an increase in CO 2 (Carbon Dioxide) concentration by 0.08% and 0.22% correspondingly, whereas in the long-run 1% increase of energy use increases economic output by 0.09%. As the economy grows without contributing to carbon emissions, governments should invest more in renewable energy. Governments should also come up with policies to regulate population growth and fossil energy use.

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The impact of health financing and CO2 emission on health outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-country analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Public Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes: New Evidence from Ghana

Public Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes: New Evidence from Ghana

Infant Mortality in Low- and Middle-income Countries: Does Government Health Spending Matter?

Impact of Economic Growth, Energy Use and Population Growth on Carbon Emissions in Sub-Sahara Africa

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