The Impact of Health Narratives on Persuasion in African American Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ballard, Anjulyn M.; Davis, Ashlee; Hoffner, Cynthia

doi:10.1080/10410236.2020.1731936

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…According to the theory of reasoned action, attitude (or intention) is an essential direct predictor of behavior [ 11 - 13 ]. Moreover, attitudes, intentions, and behaviors are the standard measures of the effectiveness of health messages [ 4 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Message Framing on Cancer Prevention and Detection Behaviors, Intentions, and Attitudes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Ainiwaer¹,

Zhang²,

Ainiwaer³

et al. 2021

J Med Internet Res

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Background With the increasing health care burden of cancer, public health organizations are increasingly emphasizing the importance of calling people to engage in long-term prevention and periodical detection. How to best deliver behavioral recommendations and health outcomes in messaging is an important issue. Objective This study aims to disaggregate the effects of gain-framed and loss-framed messages on cancer prevention and detection behaviors and intentions and attitudes, which has the potential to inform cancer control programs. Methods A search of three electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed) was conducted for studies published between January 2000 and December 2020. After a good agreement achieved on a sample by two authors, the article selection (κ=0.8356), quality assessment (κ=0.8137), and data extraction (κ=0.9804) were mainly performed by one author. The standardized mean difference (attitude and intention) and the odds ratio (behaviors) were calculated to evaluate the effectiveness of message framing (gain-framed message and loss-framed message). Calculations were conducted, and figures were produced by Review Manager 5.3. Results The title and abstract of 168 unique citations were scanned, of which 53 were included for a full-text review. A total of 24 randomized controlled trials were included, predominantly examining message framing on cancer prevention and detection behavior change interventions. There were 9 studies that used attitude to predict message framing effect and 16 studies that used intention, whereas 6 studies used behavior to examine the message framing effect directly. The use of loss-framed messages improved cancer detection behavior (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64-0.90; P=.001), and the results from subgroup analysis indicated that the effect would be weak with time. No effect of framing was found when effectiveness was assessed by attitudes (prevention: SMD=0.02, 95% CI –0.13 to 0.17; P=.79; detection: SMD=–0.05, 95% CI –0.15 to 0.05; P=.32) or intentions (prevention: SMD=–0.05, 95% CI –0.19 to 0.09; P=.48; detection: SMD=0.02, 95% CI –0.26 to 0.29; P=.92) among studies encouraging cancer prevention and cancer detection. Conclusions Research has shown that it is almost impossible to change people's attitudes or intentions about cancer prevention and detection with a gain-framed or loss-framed message. However, loss-framed messages have achieved preliminary success in persuading people to adopt cancer detection behaviors. Future studies could improve the intervention design to achieve better intervention effectiveness.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Message Framing on Cancer Prevention and Detection Behaviors, Intentions, and Attitudes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Ainiwaer¹,

Zhang²,

Ainiwaer³

et al. 2021

J Med Internet Res

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“… 13 (p. 222) Research across a variety of health topics suggests that conveying health information through personal experience narratives is a more effective way to motivate and support behavior change than communicating facts and statistics. 14 - 16 …”

Section: Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Narrative Messages on Key COVID-19 Protective Responses: Findings From a Randomized Online Experiment

2022

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Purpose. We investigated the effectiveness of narrative versus non-narrative messages in changing COVID-19-related perceptions and intentions. Design/Setting. The study employed a between-subjects two-group (narratives versus non-narratives) experimental design and was administered online. Subjects/Intervention. 1,804 U.S. adults recruited via Amazon MTurk in September 2020 were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions and read either three narrative or three non-narrative messages about social distancing, vaccination, and unproven treatments. Measures. Perceptions and intentions were assessed before and after message exposure (7-point scales). Analysis. Using multivariable regression, we assessed main effects of the experimental condition (controlling for baseline measures) and interactions between the condition and pre-exposure perceptions/intentions in predicting post-exposure outcomes. Results. Compared to non-narratives, narratives led to 1) less positive perceptions about the benefits of unproven treatments (Mnarrative=3.60, Mnon-narrative =3.77, p=.007); and 2) less willingness to receive an unproven drug (Mnarrative=3.46, Mnon-narrative=3.77, p<.001); this effect was stronger among individuals with higher baseline willingness to receive unproven drugs (baseline willingness=2.09: b=-0.06, p=.461; baseline willingness=3.90: b=-0.30, p<.001; baseline willingness=5.71: b=-0.55, p<.001). Narratives also led to more positive perceptions of vaccine safety/effectiveness, but only among individuals with lower baseline vaccine perceptions (baseline perceptions=4.51: b=0.10, p=.008; baseline perceptions=5.89: b=0.04, p=.167; baseline perceptions=7: b=-0.01, p=.688). Conclusion. Narratives are a promising communication strategy, particularly for topics where views are not entrenched and among individuals who are more resistant to recommendations.

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“…Our study suggests that testimony is a significant, religiously-based, and culturally salient meaning-making practice, reflecting a deep structure that perceives God as being involved throughout the cancer health narrative. A recent meta-analysis found that narratives had a significant effect in improving health outcomes in Black women, including cancer outcomes (Ballard et al, 2020).…”

Section: Testimony and Meaning 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Testimony and meaning: A qualitative study of Black women with cancer diagnoses.

Hall¹,

Lee²,

McMartin³

et al. 2021

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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The Impact of Health Narratives on Persuasion in African American Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 36 publications

References 71 publications

Effects of Message Framing on Cancer Prevention and Detection Behaviors, Intentions, and Attitudes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Effects of Message Framing on Cancer Prevention and Detection Behaviors, Intentions, and Attitudes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Effects of Narrative Messages on Key COVID-19 Protective Responses: Findings From a Randomized Online Experiment

Testimony and meaning: A qualitative study of Black women with cancer diagnoses.

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