The impact of health policies and vaccine rollout on the COVID-19 pandemic waves in Italy

Reno, Chiara; Sanmarchi, Francesco; Stoto, Michael A.; Fantini, Maria Pia; Lenzi, Jacopo; Golinelli, Davide

doi:10.1016/j.hlpt.2022.100604

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…To contain the spread of the virus, a national lockdown (10th March–4th May 2020) was established with the closure of all non-essential activities. The first approved vaccines became available on 27th December 2020 [ 10 ]. A vaccination campaign was organized according to the “National Strategic Vaccine Plan for the Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infections” [ 11 ] which—due to the limited initial availability of vaccine doses—gave priority to the elderly and the frail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Actual COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in a Cohort of Essential Workers: An Area-Based Longitudinal Study in the Province of Prato, Italy

Lastrucci

Lorini²,

Stacchini³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Identifying determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake is essential for developing effective strategies for promoting vaccination. This longitudinal study aimed to explore predictors of actual COVID-19 vaccine uptake in workers involved in essential services during the first lockdown period in the Prato Province (Italy). All essential workers were invited and surveyed before COVID-19 vaccine approval (96.5% participation rate). Participants were followed up to evaluate their actual COVID-19 vaccination uptake using the vaccination register. Multinomial models were performed to assess predictors of delayed vaccination or non-vaccination. A total of 691 participants were included, of whom 21.7% had delayed the vaccination and 4.4% were unvaccinated. Participants with a sufficient level of health literacy were 50.2% in the vaccinated-on-time group and 32.3% in the unvaccinated group. The multinomial model predictors of delayed vaccination were work type (OR = 0.51), age between 50 and 59 years (OR = 1.82), and influenza vaccination uptake in the last season (OR = 2.51). Predictors of being unvaccinated were work type (OR = 0.33) and attitudes related to attributing less importance to COVID-19 preventive measures (OR = 0.47). Findings showed distinct predictors for COVID-19 vaccination delay and for being unvaccinated. Being unvaccinated seems to be associated with a general skepticism toward prevention measures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Actual COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in a Cohort of Essential Workers: An Area-Based Longitudinal Study in the Province of Prato, Italy

Lastrucci

Lorini²,

Stacchini³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies evaluating ICT solutions that allow for contact tracing have found that when use is nonmandatory, their effect on disease transmission is limited. First studies investigating contact tracing apps have shown that such apps successfully reduced the incidence of COVID-19 in England, Switzerland, and Hong Kong SAR, China [33][34][35], with the apps' success linked to the percentage of the population using them. In contrast, in Australia, a study showed that a contact tracing system through an app had a small and lower-than-expected effect on COVID-19 incidence [36], which was likely the result of the low number of app users (only approximately 22 percent of the population) [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making use of an App (Tawakkalna) to track and reduce COVID transmission in KSA

Bisanzio

Reithinger

Almudarra

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Since March 2020, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has launched several digital applications to support the intervention response to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2. At the beginning of 2021, the KSA Government introduced a mandatory immunity passport to regulate access to public venues. The passport was part of the strategy of resuming public activities before reaching high vaccination coverage. The passport was implemented as a new service in the Tawakkalna mobile phone application (App). The immunity passport allowed access to public locations only for the users who recovered from COVID-19 or those who were double vaccinated. Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the immunity passport, implemented through the Tawakkalna App, on SARS-CoV-2 spread. We built a spatial-explicit individual-based model to represent the whole KSA population (IBM-KSA) and its dynamic on a national scale. The IBM-KSA was parameterized using country demographic, remote sensing, and epidemiological data. The model included non-pharmaceutical interventions and vaccination coverage. A social network was created to represent contact heterogeneity and interaction among age groups of the population. The IBM-KSA also simulated the movement of people across the country based on a gravity model. We used the IBM-KSA to evaluate the effect of the immunity passport on the COVID-19 epidemic's outcomes. The IBM-KSA results showed that implementing the immunity passport through the Tawakkalna App mitigated the SARS-CoV2 spread. In a scenario without the immunity passport, the KSA could have reported 1,515,468 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 965,725-1,986,966) cases, and 30,309 (95% CI: 19,314-39,739) deaths from March 2021 to November 2021. The comparison of IBM-KSA results with COVID-19 official reporting estimated that the passport effectively reduced the number of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths by 8.7 times, 13.5 times, and 11.9 times, respectively. These results showed that the introduction of the immunity passport through the Tawakkalna App was able to control the spread of the SARS-COV-2 until vaccination reached high coverage. By introducing the immunity passport, The KSA was able to allow to resume most of public activities safely.

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“…The COVID-19 vaccination campaign was a crucial turning point in the pandemic’s containment [ 1 , 2 ]. By the end of February 2022, 89.27% of those people suitable to receive COVID-19 vaccination had completed the vaccination course in Italy [ 3 ]; in the same period, 61.5% of eligible European citizens were fully vaccinated, whereas in other Western Countries the acceptance rate ranged from 63.9% in the US to 94.4% in Australia [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behind the Scenes of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Psychological Predictors in an Italian Community Sample

et al. 2022

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Psychological variables may be crucial in favoring or discouraging health-related behaviors, including vaccine acceptance. This study aimed to extend the previous literature by outlining the psychological profile associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a sample of Italian citizens. Between April and May 2021, 1122 Italian volunteers completed a web survey on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, also including several self-reported psychological measures. A multiple hierarchical logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the psychological variables associated with vaccine hesitancy. Low confidence in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and safety, low collective responsibility, high complacency, and high calculation (i.e., extensive information searching, and costs–benefit estimates) predicted higher hesitancy. Our results suggest that to be effective, vaccine-related communications should be as clear, understandable, and sound as possible, preventing the spreading of misunderstandings, or even fake information, that may foster people’s insecurities and distrust. Furthermore, the advantages and necessity of vaccination, both at the individual and community-level, should be clearly emphasized. Efficacious vaccine-related communications may be crucial, not only to maintain an adequate immunity rate for COVID-19, but also to inform policymakers and public authorities in the case of possible future infectious outbreaks.

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The impact of health policies and vaccine rollout on the COVID-19 pandemic waves in Italy

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Determinants of Actual COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in a Cohort of Essential Workers: An Area-Based Longitudinal Study in the Province of Prato, Italy

Determinants of Actual COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in a Cohort of Essential Workers: An Area-Based Longitudinal Study in the Province of Prato, Italy

Making use of an App (Tawakkalna) to track and reduce COVID transmission in KSA

Behind the Scenes of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Psychological Predictors in an Italian Community Sample

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