The Impact of Helminth Infection on the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Rennie, Claire; Fernandez, Ritin; Donnelly, Sheila; McGrath, Kristine

doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.728396

Cited by 20 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Although exposure to the seropositive S . stercoralis seems to protect T2DM-driven inflammation, it does not indicate the presence of an active parasite infection, which may be less likely to provide the immune regulation against T2DM when compared to an active parasite infection [ 13 ]. Long-term investigation of active S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing experimental evidence has revealed that helminth infection may help the host to improve insulin sensitivity and metabolic function against T2DM development by triggering innate and acquired immunoregulatory responses as well as by altering the gut microbiota [ 10 – 12 ]. These immune modulations are necessary for long-lived helminths species to dodge host attack [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Strongyloides stercoralis infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus in northeastern Thailand: Impact on diabetic complication-related renal biochemical parameters

et al. 2022

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Background Several studies have demonstrated that helminth infections provide a degree of protection against Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the relationship between Strongyloides stercoralis infection and T2DM has scarcely been investigated and the protective effect of infection against development of diabetic complications is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between S. stercoralis infection and T2DM in a rural area of Khon Kaen Province, Thailand. The impact of S. stercoralis infection on diabetic complication-related kidney function biochemical parameters and body-mass index (BMI) was also assessed. Methodology Using a cross-sectional study design, S. stercoralis infection and T2DM assessments were conducted between October 2020 and May 2021. Associations between S. stercoralis infection, T2DM, and socioeconomic factors were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Diabetic complication-related biochemical parameters relating largely to kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), serum creatinine, uric acid, alanine transaminase (ALT), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)) and BMI of participants with and without T2DM were compared between groups with or without S. stercoralis infection. Results One hundred and seven out of 704 individuals (15.20%) were positive for S. stercoralis, and 283 people were diagnosed with T2DM. Of those with T2DM, 11.31% (32/283) were infected with S. stercoralis and of those without T2DM, 17.82% (75/421) were infected with S. stercoralis. Multivariate analysis revealed that T2DM was inversely correlated with S. stercoralis infection (Adjusted OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.78; p = 0.003), while male, increasing age, lower education level, and alcohol intake were positively associated with infection. Those infected with S. stercoralis had lower eGFR levels and higher ALT and UACR levels than those in the uninfected group. Conclusion This finding indicates that S. stercoralis infection was inversely associated with T2DM in northeastern Thailand, but participants infected with S. stercoralis had lower eGFR levels and higher ALT and UACR levels. Infection with S. stercoralis might lead to worse complication-related renal biochemical parameters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Strongyloides stercoralis infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus in northeastern Thailand: Impact on diabetic complication-related renal biochemical parameters

et al. 2022

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“…In obese humans, the presence of an active helminth infection is associated with lower levels of LDL cholesterol [ 71 ] and improved glucose metabolism with decreased levels of fasting glucose and prevention of development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes [ 72 ], even if infection did not provide major impact on Body Mass Index [ 73 ] and HOMA-IR [ 71 ]. As in animal models, helminth-associated metabolic improvement in humans have been linked to increased Th2 and decreased Th1 responses [ 73 ], and modulation of the secretion of chemokines [ 74 ], cytokines [ 74 ] and adipokines [ 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helminth infection modulates number and function of adipose tissue Tregs in high fat diet-induced obesity

et al. 2022

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Background Epidemiological and experimental studies have shown a protective effect of helminth infections in weight gain and against the development of metabolic dysfunctions in the host. However, the mechanisms Treg cells exert in the helminth-obesity interface has been poorly investigated. The present study aimed to verify the influence of Heligmosomoides polygyrus infection in early stages of high fat diet-induced obesity. Principal findings The presence of infection was able to prevent exacerbated weight gain in mice fed with high fat diet when compared to non-infected controls. In addition, infected animals displayed improved insulin sensitivity and decreased fat accumulation in the liver. Obesity-associated inflammation was reduced in the presence of infection, demonstrated by lower levels of leptin and resistin, lower infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells in adipose tissue, higher expression of IL10 and adiponectin, increased infiltration of Th2 and eosinophils in adipose tissue of infected animals. Of note, the parasite infection was associated with increased Treg frequency in adipose tissue which showed higher expression of cell surface markers of function and activation, like LAP and CD134. The infection could also increase adipose Treg suppressor function in animals on high fat diet. Conclusion These data suggest that H. polygyrus modulates adipose tissue Treg cells with implication for weight gain and metabolic syndrome.

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“…Human studies also found that helminth infection improves glycolipid metabolism. Rennie C et al found that helminth infection induces lower fasting blood glucose, HbA1c levels, prevalence of MetS, and T2DM than without infection people by using meta-analysis (101). Helminth infections generally improve metabolic function, but different species have different effects, and S. mansoni infection remarkably improves metabolic outcomes (101).…”

Section: Parasite Regulates Glycolipid Metabolism In Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rennie C et al found that helminth infection induces lower fasting blood glucose, HbA1c levels, prevalence of MetS, and T2DM than without infection people by using meta-analysis (101). Helminth infections generally improve metabolic function, but different species have different effects, and S. mansoni infection remarkably improves metabolic outcomes (101). Zinsou JF et al found that individuals infected by Schistosoma haematobium (S. haematobium) exhibit decreased serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C, especially in overweight/ obese individuals.…”

Section: Parasite Regulates Glycolipid Metabolism In Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helminth infection and helminth-derived products: A novel therapeutic option for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely related to obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and it has become the most common chronic liver disease. Helminths have co-evolved with humans, inducing multiple immunomodulatory mechanisms to modulate the host’s immune system. By using their immunomodulatory ability, helminths and their products exhibit protection against various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and MetS, which are closely associated with NAFLD. Here, we review the pathogenesis of NAFLD from abnormal glycolipid metabolism, inflammation, and gut dysbiosis. Correspondingly, helminths and their products can treat or relieve these NAFLD-related diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and MetS, by promoting glycolipid metabolism homeostasis, regulating inflammation, and restoring the balance of gut microbiota. Considering that a large number of clinical trials have been carried out on helminths and their products for the treatment of inflammatory diseases with promising results, the treatment of NAFLD and obesity-related diseases by helminths is also a novel direction and strategy.

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The Impact of Helminth Infection on the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 86 publications

Association of Strongyloides stercoralis infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus in northeastern Thailand: Impact on diabetic complication-related renal biochemical parameters

Association of Strongyloides stercoralis infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus in northeastern Thailand: Impact on diabetic complication-related renal biochemical parameters

Helminth infection modulates number and function of adipose tissue Tregs in high fat diet-induced obesity

Helminth infection and helminth-derived products: A novel therapeutic option for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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