The Impact of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus I Infection on Clinical and Immunologic Outcomes in Patients Coinfected With HIV and Hepatitis C Virus

Bahia, Fabianna; Novais, Vinicius; Evans, Jennifer L.; Marchand, Chloe Le; Netto, Eduardo Martins; Page, Kimberly; Brites, Carlos

doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e31821e9a1e

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In contrast to the Japanese findings, however, two Brazilian studies [22,23] of HCV/HTLV-1 co-infection provide epidemiological and immunological evidence of a higher rate of spontaneous clearance of HCV in patients with HIV/HTLV-1 co-infection as compared to patients harbouring only an HIV/HCV co-infection or an HCV mono-infection. The differences between HCV and HTLV-1 interaction outcomes in these two settings may be due to host genetic factors (e.g., HLA genotypes), study design, or other unmeasured parameters of the study populations.…”

Section: Clinical Implications Of Hcv/htlv-1/2 Co-infectioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Hepatitis C virus/human T lymphotropic virus 1/2 co-infection: Regional burden and virological outcomes in people who inject drugs

Castro¹,

Roger²

2016

WJV

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This review analyses current data concerning co-infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-1/2 in people who inject drugs (PWID), with a particular focus on disease burden and global implications for virological outcome. In addition, the available treatment options for HTLV-1/2 are summarized and the ongoing and likely future research challenges are discussed. The data in this review was obtained from 34 articles on HCV/HTLV-1/2 co-infection in PWID retrieved from the PubMed literature database and published between 1997 and 2015. Despite unavailable estimates of the burden of HCV/HTLV-1/2 co-infection in general, the epidemiologic constellation of HTLV-1/2 shows high incidence in PWID with history of migration, incarceration, and other blood-borne infectious diseases such as HCV or human immunodeficiency virus. The most recent research data strongly suggest that HTLV-1 co-infection can influence HCV viral load, HCV sustained virological response to α-interferon treatment, and HCV-related liver disease progression. In short, outcome of HCV infection is worse in the context of HTLV-1 co-infection, yet more studies are needed to gain accurate estimations of the burden of HCV/HTLV-1/2 co-infections. Moreover, in the current era of new direct-acting antiviral treatments for HCV and proven HTLV-1/2 treatment options, prospective clinical and treatment studies should be carried out, with particular focus on the PWID patient population, with the aim of improving virological outcomes.

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Section: Clinical Implications Of Hcv/htlv-1/2 Co-infectioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Hepatitis C virus/human T lymphotropic virus 1/2 co-infection: Regional burden and virological outcomes in people who inject drugs

Castro¹,

Roger²

2016

WJV

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“…27 In a recent study of patients infected with HCV/HIV/HTLV-1/2 in Brazil, we found that those with triple infection had on average lower ALT levels than patients coinfected with HIV/HCV, suggesting lower hepatic inflammation in the former group. 28 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus infection and spontaneous clearance in HTLV-1 and HIV co-infected patients in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Marchand

Bahia

Page

et al. 2015

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background While 20–40% of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) monoinfection will spontaneously clear the virus, less is known regarding clearance with coinfections. HCV, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and human T-cell lymphotrophic virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) coinfection occurs due to shared routes of transmission and is prevalent in Brazil. Objectives To compare the proportion of patients who have spontaneously cleared HCV in patients with HCV monoinfection to patients coinfected by HCV/HIV, or HCV/HIV/HTLV-1. Methods Using medical records from two clinics in Salvador, Brazil, including demographic data and serological markers of HCV, HIV and HTLV-I/II, cross-sectional data was obtained from 197 patients. Patients who were anti-HCV positive and HCV RNA negative, and who did not receive HCV treatment were defined as having cleared infection. Results Nineteen patients (9.5%) showed evidence of spontaneous HCV clearance; with clearance in 9 of 108 (8.3%) patients in the HCV monoinfected group, 5 of 68 (7.4%) patients with HCV/HIV, and 5 of 21 (23.8%) patients with HCV/HIV/HTLV. Demographic data were not associated with HCV clearance status. Patients coinfected with both HIV and HTLV-1 had increased odds (5.50; 95% CI 1.00, 30.17) of spontaneous clearance of HCV compared with patients who were HIV negative or of unknown HIV status. Conclusion Our study found that patients coinfected with HIV and HTLV-1 were more likely to spontaneously clear hepatitis C virus than patients with HIV/HCV or HCV alone. The effects of HTLV coinfection on the immune response of such patients may be associated with these findings.

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“…HIV-1 and HTLV-1 co-infection in vivo has also been extensively reported, and it has been suggested that co-infection by the two viruses influences the pathologic progression of both viruses (Bahia et al, 2011; Beilke, 2012; Brites et al, 2009; Pedroso et al, 2011). Because both HIV-1 and HTLV-1 can infect CD4+ T cells, this co-infection may differ from those of HIV-1/herpesviruses in that both viral genomes could co-exist in a single infected cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal functional pseudotyping of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 viral genomes by the heterologous counterpart envelope proteins

Klase

Jeang

2013

Virology

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HIV-1 and HTLV-1 can infect CD4+ T cells and can co-infect the same individual. In principle, it is possible that both viruses can infect the same CD4+ T cells in dually infected persons. Currently, how efficiently HTLV-1 and HIV-1 co-infects the same cell and the full extent of their biological interactions are not well-understood. Here, we report evidence confirming that both viruses can infect the same cells and that HTLV-1 envelope (Env) can pseudotype HIV-1 viral particles and HIV-1 envelope (Env) can pseudotype HTLV-1 virions to mediate subsequent infections of substrate cells. We also show that the construction of a chimeric HTLV-1 molecular clone carrying the HIV-1 Env in place of its HTLV-1 counterpart results in a replication competent moiety. These findings raise new implications of viral complementation and assortment between HIV-1 and HTLV-1 in dually infected persons.

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The Impact of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus I Infection on Clinical and Immunologic Outcomes in Patients Coinfected With HIV and Hepatitis C Virus

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Hepatitis C virus/human T lymphotropic virus 1/2 co-infection: Regional burden and virological outcomes in people who inject drugs

Hepatitis C virus/human T lymphotropic virus 1/2 co-infection: Regional burden and virological outcomes in people who inject drugs

Hepatitis C virus infection and spontaneous clearance in HTLV-1 and HIV co-infected patients in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Reciprocal functional pseudotyping of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 viral genomes by the heterologous counterpart envelope proteins

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