The Impact of Immune Cells on the Skeletal Muscle Microenvironment During Cancer Cachexia

VanderVeen, Brandon N.; Murphy, E. Angela; Carson, James A.

doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.01037

Cited by 41 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 255 publications

(383 reference statements)

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“…Several preclinical studies have suggested the possibility of an interplay between cell metabolism and susceptibility to immunotherapy. The contribution of neutrophils, monocytes, and T-cell types to myofiber composition and microenvironment has been documented, as well as to the processes of skeletal muscle damage, repair, remodeling, inflammation and fibrosis [ 62 ]. Along this line, a number of clinical studies have reported the association between BMI and the effectiveness of ICIs in patients with advanced melanoma [ 63 ], lung cancers [ 64 ], or triple negative breast tumors [ 65 ].…”

Section: Nutritional Care During Immunotherapy: Does the Boundless Prairie Have A Fence?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clinical Value of Nutritional Care before and during Active Cancer Treatment

Aprile¹,

Basile²,

Giaretta³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Malnutrition and muscle wasting are frequently reported in cancer patients, either linked to the tumor itself or caused by oncologic therapies. Understanding the value of nutritional care during cancer treatment remains crucial. In fact, cancer-associated sarcopenia plays a key role in determining higher rates of morbidity, mortality, treatment-induced toxicities, prolonged hospitalizations and reduced adherence to anticancer treatment, worsening quality of life and survival. Planning baseline screening to intercept nutritional troubles earlier, organizing timely reassessments, and providing adequate counselling and dietary support, healthcare professional may positively interfere with this process and improve patients’ overall outcomes during the whole disease course. Several screening tools have been proposed for this purpose. Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS), Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) are the most common studied. Interestingly, second-level tools including skeletal muscle index (SMI) and bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) provide a more precise assessment of body composition, even if they are more complex. However, nutritional assessment is not currently used in clinical practice and procedures must be standardized in order to improve the efficacy of standard chemotherapy, targeted agents or even checkpoint inhibitors that is potentially linked with the patients’ nutritional status. In the present review, we will discuss about malnutrition and the importance of an early nutritional assessment during chemotherapy and treatment with novel checkpoint inhibitors, in order to prevent treatment-induced toxicities and to improve survival outcomes.

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Section: Nutritional Care During Immunotherapy: Does the Boundless Prairie Have A Fence?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clinical Value of Nutritional Care before and during Active Cancer Treatment

Aprile¹,

Basile²,

Giaretta³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 . In addition to those discussed, further evidences strongly indicates a potential role of altered immune function in CC, these alterations have been recently described in a review by VanderVeen et al 113 and thus will not be described here. However, they may be critical to understanding the full spectra of this condition and appropriate therapeutic strategies.…”

Section: Alterations To Non-skeletal Muscle Tissues During Development and Progression Of CCmentioning

confidence: 88%

Development and progression of cancer cachexia: Perspectives from bench to bedside

Lim

Brown

Washington

et al. 2020

Sports Medicine and Health Science

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Cancer cachexia (CC) is a devastating syndrome characterized by weight loss, reduced fat mass and muscle mass that affects approximately 80% of cancer patients and is responsible for 22%–30% of cancer-associated deaths. Understanding underlying mechanisms for the development of CC are crucial to advance therapies to treat CC and improve cancer outcomes. CC is a multi-organ syndrome that results in extensive skeletal muscle and adipose tissue wasting; however, CC can impair other organs such as the liver, heart, brain, and bone as well. A considerable amount of CC research focuses on changes that occur within the muscle, but cancer-related impairments in other organ systems are understudied. Furthermore, metabolic changes in organ systems other than muscle may contribute to CC. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to address degenerative mechanisms which occur during CC from a whole-body perspective. Outlining the information known about metabolic changes that occur in response to cancer is necessary to develop and enhance therapies to treat CC. As much of the current evidences in CC are from pre-clinical models we should note the majority of the data reviewed here are from preclinical models.

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“…Three possible mechanisms underlying muscle loss during chemotherapy have been considered: (1) decreased food intake due to gastrointestinal adverse effects, (2) reduced physical activity secondary to general fatigue, and (3) direct effect of chemotherapy on muscles [26]. Furthermore, as another mechanism, the indirect effect of chemotherapy on muscle alteration via immune cells was suggested [30]. Wang et al showed that T cells could attenuate muscle mass loss during cancer progression [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Muscle Loss During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Breast Cancer

Amitani

Oba

Morikawa

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The skeletal muscle index (SMI), which is calculated as the ratio of skeletal muscle area at the third lumbar vertebral level divided by height squared, has been considered a prognostic factor in patients with breast cancer. However, the prognostic impact of changes in SMI during treatment remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of SMI changes in patients with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).Methods: We reviewed patients with breast cancer who underwent NAC and subsequent surgery for breast cancer between 2010 and 2017. The rate of SMI change during NAC was calculated, and the association between SMI changes and prognosis was retrospectively analyzed.Results: In total, 144 patients were evaluated. 48 (33.3%), 56 (38.9%), and 40 (27.8%) patients exhibited increased (≥ 3%), maintained (−3% <, < 3%), and decreased (−3% ≥) SMI during NAC, respectively. The decreased SMI group showed significantly poorer disease-free survival than the maintained and increased SMI groups (hazard ratio [HR] 8.82, p < 0.001 for the decreased vs. increased SMI groups; HR 3.72, p < 0.001 for the decreased vs. maintained SMI groups). Moreover, decreased SMI was an independent risk factor for disease-free survival in multivariate analysis (HR 4.20, p < 0.01).Conclusions: Skeletal muscle loss during NAC predicts poor prognosis. Our results underscore the importance of monitoring and maintaining skeletal muscle mass during NAC.

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The Impact of Immune Cells on the Skeletal Muscle Microenvironment During Cancer Cachexia

Cited by 41 publications

References 255 publications

The Clinical Value of Nutritional Care before and during Active Cancer Treatment

The Clinical Value of Nutritional Care before and during Active Cancer Treatment

Development and progression of cancer cachexia: Perspectives from bench to bedside

Skeletal Muscle Loss During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Breast Cancer

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