The Impact of Increase in the Vertical Dimension of Occlusion on Nociception in Rats - A Preliminary Report

Abstract

Since the change in vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) is extremely important in prosthetic dentistry, the aim of the study was to examine the effect of VDO increase on nociception parameters in rodent experimental model. The study was performed on seven experimental groups (6 animals per group) on male Wistaralbino rats: sham; 0.6/3, 0.9/3, and 1.2/3 groups where VDO was increased by 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mm (respectively), for three days; 0.6/20, 0.9/20, and 1.2/20 groups where VDO was increased by 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mm (respectively), for twenty days. The VDO raising protocols were performed as follows: on a day 1, following anaesthesia, a two-phase impression was taken with addition silicones; on a day 3, the cementing process for both maxillary incisors and inside crowns preparation was performed, and cementing zirconium crowns, manufactured using CAD-CAM technology, were applied. The behavioural testing (the tail flick and hot plate test) was performed on day 3 and 20. The results obtained in the tail flick test suggest that the raise in VDO in the early phase induced increased sensitivity to pain in a stepwise manner, while this hyperalgesic effect was diminished in a timedependent manner. The stepwise increase in VDO also resulted in significant decline in the pain tolerance with the higher VDO (0.9 and 1.2 mm) in the hot plate test that persisted after twenty days in 1.2/20 group. It seems that VDO elevation is sufficient to produce hyperalgesic effect in this experimental model, which may be attenuated in time-dependent manner.