The impact of international labor migration on the socio-economic development of Ukraine

Abstract

The article examines the impact of international labor migration on the socio-economic development of Ukraine. The theoretical aspect of the concept of «international labor migration» is clarified and the main components of the phenomenon of international labor migration are substantiated. The factors causing the emergence and continuation of international labor migration were analyzed and systematized. The number of Ukrainian workers abroad was analyzed and their dynamics m.shkurat@donnu.edu.ua during a certain period were studied. The factors that activate migration processes in Ukraine have been identified. Statistical data on the dynamics of migrant workers' remittances and their impact on the country's economy are provided. The main aspects that are affected by remittances of labor migrants have been identified and analyzed. A study of the impact of international labor migration on the economic progress of the country was conducted, as well as the positive and negative consequences of the outflow of skilled labor from Ukraine were assessed. Labor migration in Ukraine was marked by a decrease in social tension in society. It was found that monetary transfers helped to increase the country's exchange rate and increase the solvency of specific groups of citizens, which encouraged the development of the internal market of goods and services. Migrant workers also contributed to cultural exchange between countries, spreading knowledge about Ukraine and filling it with new cultural elements. However, labor migration also has negative consequences for Ukraine, as the country becomes dependent on remittances from labor migrants. The decrease in the number of young people in the country also negatively affected the filling of the pension fund due to their departure abroad. In addition, the loss of highly qualified personnel, known as the «brain drain», when scientists and specialists go abroad, leads to a shortage of skilled labor in Ukraine. It was concluded that despite certain negative consequences of international labor migration for Ukraine, it plays a significant role in the socio-economic development of the state in modern conditions, providing additional financial resources and promoting the employment of the population. However, it is necessary to find ways to stimulate the domestic economy and create decent jobs in Ukraine to reduce dependence on remittances.