The impact of manganese on biofilm development of Bacillus subtilis

Mhatre, Eisha; Troszok, Agnieszka; Gallegos‐Monterrosa, Ramses; Lindstädt, Stefanie; Hölscher, Theresa; Kuipers, Oscar P.; Kovács, Ákos T.

doi:10.1099/mic.0.000320

Cited by 40 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The PBSX element is a defective prophage that is non-infectious but upon induction causes the release of phage-like particles (56) containing 13 kb of random fragmented chromosomal DNA (57,58). Prophage gene expression is induced by DNA damage mediated by the SOS response (56,59) (Figure 6B). We identified eleven host genes with known or putative functions expressed in the PBSX prophage cluster (Figure 6C).…”

Section: Heterogeneous Activation Of Myo-inositol Catabolism Pathway mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial single-cell RNA sequencing by split-pool barcoding

Kuchina

Brettner

Paleologu

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) has become an essential tool for characterizing multicelled eukaryotic systems but current methods are not compatible with bacteria. Here, we introduce microSPLiT, a low cost and high-throughput scRNA-seq method that works for gramnegative and gram-positive bacteria and can resolve transcriptional states that remain hidden at a population level. We applied microSPLiT to >25,000 Bacillus subtilis cells sampled from different growth stages, creating a detailed atlas of changes in metabolism and lifestyle. We not only retrieve detailed gene expression profiles associated with known but rare states such as competence and PBSX prophage induction, but also identify novel and unexpected gene expression states including heterogeneous activation of a niche metabolic pathway in a subpopulation of cells. microSPLiT empowers high-throughput analysis of gene expression in complex bacterial communities.

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Section: Heterogeneous Activation Of Myo-inositol Catabolism Pathway mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial single-cell RNA sequencing by split-pool barcoding

Kuchina

Brettner

Paleologu

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Various biofilm types are established by Bacillus subtilis under laboratory conditions, including pellicles at the air-medium interface (Branda et al, 2001;Gallegos-Monterrosa et al, 2016;Mhatre et al, 2016). B. subtilis cells inhabiting the biofilms are sessile and produce a matrix consisting of exopolysaccharides (EPS), protein fibers (TasA) and hydrophobin protein (BslA) (Branda et al, 2004;Romero et al, 2010;Kobayashi and Iwano, 2012;Hobley et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hampered motility promotes the evolution of wrinkly phenotype in Bacillus subtilis

Richter

Hölscher

Pausch

et al. 2018

Preprint

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SummarySelection for a certain trait in microbes depends on the genetic background of the strain and the selection pressure of the environmental conditions acting on the cells. In contrast to the sessile state in the biofilm, various bacterial cells employ flagellum-dependent motility under planktonic conditions suggesting that the two phenotypes are mutually exclusive. However, flagellum dependent motility facilitates the prompt establishment of floating biofilms on the air-medium interface, called pellicles. Previously, pellicles of B. subtilis were shown to be preferably established by motile cells, causing a reduced fitness of non-motile derivatives in the presence of the wild type strain. Here, we show that lack of fully assembled flagella promotes the evolution of matrix overproducers that can be distinguished by the characteristic wrinkled colony morphotype. The wrinkly phenotype is associated with amino acid substitutions in the master repressor of biofilm-related genes, SinR. By analyzing one of the mutations, we show that it alters the tetramerization and DNA binding properties of SinR, allowing an increased expression of the operon responsible for exopolysaccharide production. Finally, we demonstrate that the wrinkly phenotype is advantageous when cells lack flagella, but not in the wild type background.Graphical AbstractAbbreviated SummaryDuring biofilm establishment at the air-liquid interface, Bacillus subtilis evolves matrix overproducers with a wrinkly colony phenotype (WS). This is caused by mutations in the regulator SinR which alter its dimerization and DNA interaction properties. The matrix overproducers appear mostly in a non-motile mutant where they possess a competitive advantage for biofilm formation, which is not present in the wild type background.

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“…The expression and synthesis of these secreted products that facilitate biofilm formation and surface spreading are tightly regulated at the level of transcription and affected by various histidine kinases and subsequent cytoplasmic response regulators [ 6 , 14 , 15 ]. The cytoplasmic and membrane bound histidine kinases (KinA, KinB, KinC, and KinD), in response to dynamic and challenging environmental cues, initiate the phosphorylation of Spo0A (Spo0A~P), the main regulator of various stationary stage processes, via a phosphorelay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of Calcium Lowers the Expansion of Bacillus subtilis Colony Biofilms

et al. 2017

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Robust colony formation by Bacillus subtilis is recognized as one of the sessile, multicellular lifestyles of this bacterium. Numerous pathways and genes are responsible for the architecturally complex colony structure development. Cells in the biofilm colony secrete extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and protein components (TasA and the hydrophobin BslA) that hold them together and provide a protective hydrophobic shield. Cells also secrete surfactin with antimicrobial as well as surface tension reducing properties that aid cells to colonize the solid surface. Depending on the environmental conditions, these secreted components of the colony biofilm can also promote the flagellum-independent surface spreading of B. subtilis, called sliding. In this study, we emphasize the influence of Ca2+ in the medium on colony expansion of B. subtilis. Interestingly, the availability of Ca2+ has no major impact on the induction of complex colony morphology. However, in the absence of this divalent ion, peripheral cells of the colony expand radially at later stages of development, causing colony size to increase. We demonstrate that the secreted extracellular compounds, EPS, BslA, and surfactin facilitate colony expansion after biofilm maturation. We propose that Ca2+ hinders biofilm colony expansion by modifying the amphiphilic properties of surfactin.

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The impact of manganese on biofilm development of Bacillus subtilis

Cited by 40 publications

References 63 publications

Microbial single-cell RNA sequencing by split-pool barcoding

Microbial single-cell RNA sequencing by split-pool barcoding

Hampered motility promotes the evolution of wrinkly phenotype in Bacillus subtilis

Presence of Calcium Lowers the Expansion of Bacillus subtilis Colony Biofilms

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