The Impact of Marijuana Legalization on Adolescent Use, Consequences, and Perceived Risk

Estoup, Ashley C.; Moise-Campbell, Claudine; Varma, Malini; Stewart, David G.

doi:10.1080/10826084.2016.1200623

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Such approaches, combined with current efforts to curb underage alcohol and tobacco use, may inform future integrated preventive approaches. Identifying specific, practical, and modifiable protective factors, such as understanding that early cannabis use infers certain risks , may prove useful for cannabis prevention efforts targeting adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ready, willing, and able: the role of cannabis use opportunities in understanding adolescent cannabis use

Andreas

Bretteville-Jensen

2017

Addiction

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Approaches accounting for realistic use opportunities proved critical in our understanding of underage cannabis use, both at the national and individual level, and may be informative for development of prevention strategies in the era of cannabis liberalization. In addition, delineation of realistic opportunities from behaviours conditioned upon such opportunities is generalizable to a range of public health issues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ready, willing, and able: the role of cannabis use opportunities in understanding adolescent cannabis use

Andreas

Bretteville-Jensen

2017

Addiction

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“…Laws and social norms have changed drastically since the most APC studies reported on trends (Dills, 2016; Estoup et al, 2016; Okaneku et al, 2015). The most notable change was in 2012 with the first state legalization of recreational cannabis use, so it is timely to examine time trends and drivers those trends over the past seven years (M.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past-month cannabis use among U.S. individuals from 2002–2015: An age-period-cohort analysis

Chawla

Yang

Desrosiers

et al. 2018

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug among U.S. adolescents and adults, but little is known about factors that drive trends in cannabis use prevalence. To better understand drivers of these trends, we aimed to estimate age, period, and cohort effects on past-month cannabis use among U.S. individuals age 12 and older from 2002 to 2015. Methods We conducted an age-period-cohort analysis on past-month cannabis use among participants ages 12 and older using National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), an annual cross-sectional nationally-representative survey of drug use. Additionally, we examined how age, period, and cohort effects differed across gender. Participants (n=779,799) self-reported cannabis patterns using a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI). Results Past-month cannabis use in this population increased from 6.0% in 2002 to 8.1% in 2015. Distinct age, period, and cohort effects were observed. Compared to participants ages 12–13, participants ages 18–21 (PR: 16.8, 95% CI: 15.6, 18.1) and 22–25 (PR: 13.2, 95% CI: 12.2, 14.4) had dramatically higher prevalence of past-month cannabis use. Compared to participants in 2002, participants in 2014 (PR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.4) and 2014 (PR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.4) had slightly higher prevalence of past-month cannabis use. Compared to the 1940s birth cohort, the 1950s birth cohort (PR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.5, 2.2) had higher prevalence of past-month cannabis use. Conclusions Past-month cannabis use is prevalent and increasing among U.S. adults. Distinct age, period, and cohort effects are at play, though age effects are strongest.

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“…17 Adolescents and young adults may have an increased likelihood of marijuana use compared to adults due to peer influence, 24 a reduced perception of health risks 25 and due to life-course theory, where illicit drug use declines as individuals assume increased responsibilities which coincide with ascension into adulthood. 15 While the literature contained mixed results regarding the impact of marijuana legalization on increased adolescent usage, 4 given the negative health consequences on adolescents who use marijuana, 4 usage rates will be an important factor to monitor should marijuana use be legalized in Canada. Drug and alcohol misuse is related to psychiatric disorders, including addictive behaviours and personalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Over 40% of Canadians have tried marijuana at least once in their lifetime and over 10% have used marijuana within the past year. 1 The adverse health effects of marijuana use may include acute psychotic symptoms, mental health disorders, 3 abnormal cognitive development, 4 lung cancer, and cardiovascular disease. 3 Evidence suggests a dose-response relationship exists between increased marijuana use and adverse health effects and those individuals having tried marijuana are at a higher risk for some mental health issues.…”

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confidence: 99%

Patterns and factors of problematic marijuana use in the Canadian population: Evidence from three cross-sectional surveys

Bonner

Andkhoie

Thompson

et al. 2017

Can J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study are to describe marijuana use in Canada and explore factors associated with problematic use. METHODS:Data from the 2010-2012 circulations of the Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey were used to create three logistic regression models for the purposes of identifying and comparing factors associated with the degree of marijuana use, as determined via the WHO Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Abuse Involvement Screening Test (non-problematic, problematic) and European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (experiential, recent, current) methods.RESULTS: Canadians aged 15-24 years are 15 times (p < 0.001) more likely to be current users than Canadians aged 65 or older, with the odds of exhibiting problematic marijuana use being 10 times (p < 0.001) greater. The odds of a male exhibiting problematic marijuana use are 2.46 times (p < 0.001) greater than for females. The odds of exhibiting problematic marijuana use are 41.0% (p = 0.031) and 53.0% (p = 0.008) greater for marijuana users with household incomes $40,000-$80,000 and less than $40,000 respectively compared to those with household income over $80,000. An earlier age of first marijuana use is associated with problematic use but not necessarily with being a current user. CONCLUSION:The majority of our findings are consistent with the literature, showing that Canadians who are: male, adolescent or young adult, smokers, heavy drinkers, other illicit drug users, and who have poorer mental health status are more likely to engage in any marijuana use, particularly higher levels of marijuana use. These findings can be used to inform the development of policy in Canada to address problematic marijuana use and prepare for its possible legalization.

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The Impact of Marijuana Legalization on Adolescent Use, Consequences, and Perceived Risk

Abstract: Due to the rising legalization status of marijuana in the United States, it is imperative that psychoeducation is provided to adults and adolescents about the consequences of underage marijuana use.

Cited by 35 publications

References 29 publications

Ready, willing, and able: the role of cannabis use opportunities in understanding adolescent cannabis use

Ready, willing, and able: the role of cannabis use opportunities in understanding adolescent cannabis use

Past-month cannabis use among U.S. individuals from 2002–2015: An age-period-cohort analysis

Patterns and factors of problematic marijuana use in the Canadian population: Evidence from three cross-sectional surveys

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