The Impact of Metabolic Scion–Rootstock Interactions in Different Grapevine Tissues and Phloem Exudates

Tedesco, Sara; Erban, Alexander; Gupta, Saurabh; Kopka, Joachim; Fevereiro, Pedro; Kragler, Friedrich; Pina, Ana

doi:10.3390/metabo11060349

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…The development of molecular markers associated with compatibility would also be a great advantage for rootstock selection programs [ 79 ]. Different metabolic pathways may be used to make predictions about graft incompatibility, such as genes associated with the phenylpropanoid pathway, oxidative stress, and defense responses as the end-product of gene expression [ 80 ]. Translocated incompatibility may be evaluated using (SPAD) chlorophyll meter.…”

Section: Methods For Predicting Compatible/incompatible Graft Combina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of grafting in fruit trees

Habibi

Liu

Folta

et al. 2022

Horticulture Research

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Grafting is a widely used practice for asexual propagation of fruit trees. Many physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes occur upon grafting that can influence important horticultural traits. This technology has many advantages, including avoidance of juvenility, modifying the scion architecture, improving productivity, adapting scion cultivars to unfavourable environmental conditions, and developing traits in resistance to insect pests, bacterial and fungal diseases. A limitation of grafting is scion-rootstock incompatibility. It may be caused by many factors, including insufficient genetic proximity, physiological or biochemical factors, lignification at the graft union, poor graft architecture, insufficient cell recognition between union tissues, and metabolic differences in the scion and the rootstock. Plant hormones, like auxin, ethylene (ET), cytokinin (CK), gibberellin (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA) orchestrate several crucial physiological and biochemical processes happening at the site of the graft union. Additionally, epigenetic changes at the union affect chromatin architecture by DNA methylation, histone modification, and the action of small RNA molecules. The mechanism triggering these effects likely is affected by hormonal crosstalk, protein and small molecules movement, nutrients uptake, and transport in the grafted trees. This review provides an overview of the basis of physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of fruit tree grafting between scion and rootstock.

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Section: Methods For Predicting Compatible/incompatible Graft Combina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of grafting in fruit trees

Habibi

Liu

Folta

et al. 2022

Horticulture Research

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“…The callus acts as a bridge between the scion and the rootstock until xylem and phloem tissues differentiate, enabling the vascular connection between the two plant individuals (Melnyk 2017). This process involves a complex signalling between the scion and the rootstock that is conditioned by the specific graft combination (Tedesco et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connection matters: exploring the implications of scion–rootstock alignment in grafted grapevines

Ederra

Santesteban

Dayer

et al. 2022

Aust J Grape and Wine Res

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Background and Aims: Grafting in viticulture has been essential since the advent of the phylloxera crisis at the end of the 19th century, but relatively little is known about the relevance of the quality of the connection at the grafting junction on the behaviour of grafted grapevines. Methods and Results: An experimental procedure comparing omega grafted vines with complete alignment of the scion and the rootstock (CA) and vines with partial alignment (PA) was developed. Three complementary trials were carried out in the nursery, in the field and under controlled conditions. The CA vines increased the success rate in the nursery. Vine growth was significantly affected by the alignment between the rootstock and scion both in the nursery and in their first year of establishment in a commercial vineyard and in a potted trial, although these differences dissipated in years 2 and 3 under commercial vineyard conditions. The CA graft also maintained a higher level of leaf gas exchange, but such differences did not correspond to those in the hydraulic conductivity across the graft union itself. Conclusions: The degree of alignment of the grafted vine material affected vine development, but a better understanding of the role of vascular connections in different graft types and qualities is needed. Significance of the Study: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first scientific study that developed an experimental procedure for assessing the implication of the alignment at the grafting point on grapevine physiology and water use.

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“…The increase of phenolic compounds content was also detected in leaves and rootstock phloem exudates of heterografted plants of Vitis. Thus, the impact of grafting on a metabolome of different grafted genotypes was confirmed [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The results confirmed the different impact of rootstock on scion regarding the different influence upon the metabolic pathways in the plant. Regarding the fact that the heterografted plants (the rootstock and scion are different botanical species) are able to accumulate more polyphenolic substances than the homografted plants (the rootstock and scion are the same botanical species) [12,13,16], the origin of used rootstocks can be compared. The values of TPC were, on average, raised in the following order: Penta (P. domestica), St. Julien A (P. insititia), Citation (P. persica × P. amygdalus), Torinel (P. domestica), and Ishtara ((P. cerasifera × P. salicina) × (P. cerasifera × P. persica)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative and Nutritional Characteristics of Plum Cultivars Grown on Different Rootstocks

et al. 2022

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Previous study hsas confirmed the influence of rootstock on the scion. Using a suitable rootstock for plum cultivar can affect many qualitative parameters of fruit. This study deals with the pomological and chemical analysis of three plums of Japanese origin (Prunus salicina) ‘Black Amber’, ‘Karkulka’, ‘Shiro’ and one European origin (Prunus domestica) ‘Stanley’ grown on five different rootstock (Ishtara, St. Julien A, Torinel, Citation and Penta) planted in Czech Republic. During the year, the phenological phases of date of blooming, flower set, date of ripening, and fruit set were determined. In this study, significant negative correlation (p < 0.05, R = −0.6831) was determined between fruit set and fruit weight. Rootstocks did not have influence on the fruit weight, but ‘Karkulka’ reached significantly higher fruit weight on St. Julien A and Citation rootstocks (32 g) than on the other three rootstocks (24 to 26 g). For all cultivars, fruit firmness and soluble solid content (SSC) were measured. The rootstocks greatly influenced the titratable acidity of plums which reached the highest value for cultivars grown on Citation rootstock (from 0.65 to 2.43%) and the lowest when grown on Ishtara rootstock (from 0.53 to 1.88%). In addition, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant capacity were determined. The cultivars on Ishtara rootstock reached the highest values of TPC (from 336.26 to 562.75 mg (GAE)/100 g). The results presented in this study show influence of rootstock on quality of plums, where Ishtara rootstock was highlighted as the best.

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The Impact of Metabolic Scion–Rootstock Interactions in Different Grapevine Tissues and Phloem Exudates

Cited by 14 publications

References 64 publications

Physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of grafting in fruit trees

Physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of grafting in fruit trees

Connection matters: exploring the implications of scion–rootstock alignment in grafted grapevines

Qualitative and Nutritional Characteristics of Plum Cultivars Grown on Different Rootstocks

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