The impact of meteorological factors and PM2.5 on COVID-19 transmission

Abstract

In this study, we analysed the relationship between meteorological factors and the number of patients with COVID-19. The study period was from April 12, 2020 to October 13, 2020, and daily meteorological data and the daily number of patients with COVID-19 in each state of the United States were collected. Based on the number of COVID-19 patients in each state of the United States, we selected four states (California, Florida, New York, Texas) for analysis. One-way ANOVA(Analysis of Variance), scatter plot analysis, correlation analysis and distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) analysis were used to analyse the relationship between meteorological factors and the number of patients with COVID-19. We found that the significant influencing factors of the number of COVID-19 cases differed among the four states. Specifically, the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases in California and New York was negatively correlated with AWMD (p<0.01) and positively correlated with AQI, PM2.5 and TAVG (p<0.01) but not significantly correlated with other factors. Florida was significantly correlated with TAVG (positive) (p<0.01) but not significantly correlated with other factors. The number of COVID-19 cases in Texas was only significantly negatively associated with AWND (p<0.01). The influence of temperature and PM2.5 on the spread of COVID-19 is not obvious. This study shows that when the wind speed was 2 m/s , it had a significant positive correlation with COVID-19 cases. The impact of meteorological factors on COVID-19 may be very complicated. It is necessary to further explore the relationship between meteorological factors and COVID-19. By exploring the influence of meteorological factors on COVID-19, we can help people to establish a more accurate early warning system.

The association of airborne particulate matter and benzo[a]pyrene with the clinical course of COVID-19 in patients hospitalized in Poland

“…Although linkages between air pollution and increased rates of hospitalization and deaths due to COVID-19 have been already demonstrated, the previously presented results were elaborated mainly on a population level and had a correlation nature ( Accarino et al, 2021 ; Bashir et al, 2020 ; Beig et al, 2020 ; Coker et al, 2020 ; Isphording and Pestel, 2021 ; Magazzino et al, 2020 ; Martinez-Boubeta and Simeonidis, 2022 ; Wu et al, 2020 ; Zhou et al, 2022 ). Moreover, these studies did not explore the potential associations between airborne B(a)P and COVID-19.…”

Air Pollution and Meteorological Parameters in SARS-CoV-2 Virus Spread and Transition

“…It is hypothesized that at low temperatures, aerosols, and small particles (airborne) could linger in the air and potentially transport viruses [4,30,31]. Wind speed is inversely correlated with infection cases [32,33]. Thus, meteorological conditions such as high relative humidity, low temperatures, low solar radiation, and low wind speed values may propitiate the virus to be spread or persist for a long time in the air.…”

Short‐term exposure to ambient air pollution and COVID‐19 severity during SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta and Omicron waves: A multicenter study

“…This is predominantly due to damage induced in airway epithelial cell cilia and adverse impact on immune responses through stimulation of proinflammatory cytokine production and increased levels of reactive oxygen species, as well as changes of function of dendritic cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages 4–8 . Such effect has been documented for infections with influenza viruses, rhinoviruses, and respiratory syncytial virus 9–11 and more recently in relation to SARS‐CoV‐2 12–16 . The association between respiratory disease and air pollutants is particularly relevant for regions where coal and wood combustion continues to play a substantial role in domestic heating and contribute to the emission of particulate matter <10 μm (PM 10 ) and <2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ), and PM‐bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P).…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8] Such effect has been documented for infections with influenza viruses, rhinoviruses, and respiratory syncytial virus [9][10][11] and more recently in relation to SARS-CoV-2. [12][13][14][15][16] The association between respiratory disease and air pollutants is particularly relevant for regions where coal and wood combustion continues to play a substantial role in domestic heating and contribute to the emission of particulate matter <10 μm (PM 10 ) and <2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ), and PM-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P). These regions include Poland, where air pollution in nearly all areas exceeds air standards, particularly during the autumn-winter season.…”