The Impact of Molecular Biology in the Seeding, Treatment Choices and Follow-Up of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases—A Narrative Review

Abstract

There is a clear association between the molecular profile of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM) and the degree to which aggressive progression of the disease impacts patient survival. However, much of our knowledge of the molecular behaviour of colorectal cancer cells comes from experimental studies with, as yet, limited application in clinical practice. In this article, we review the current advances in the understanding of the molecular behaviour of CRCLM and present possible future therapeutic applications. This review focuses on three important steps in CRCLM development, progression and treatment: (1) the dissemination of malignant cells from primary tumours and the seeding to metastatic sites; (2) the response to modern regimens of chemotherapy; and (3) the possibility of predicting early progression and recurrence patterns by molecular analysis in liquid biopsy.

Advances in Precision Medicine Approaches for Colorectal Cancer: From Molecular Profiling to Targeted Therapies

“…Furthermore, molecular profiling has paved the way for the development of targeted therapies for colorectal cancer. By characterizing the molecular fingerprint of an individual patient’s tumor, clinicians can determine the most appropriate treatment options, including the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting proteins like EGFR and VEGF. , Additionally, advancements in immunotherapy have harnessed the power of the immune system to combat colorectal cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrating promising results in specific molecular subtypes. As research continues to expand our understanding of the intricate genetic and molecular alterations in colorectal cancer, molecular profiling will play an increasingly central role in guiding treatment decisions, monitoring disease progression, and ultimately improving the precision and efficacy of therapies for this challenging malignancy. , …”