The impact of multiple stressful life events on posttraumatic growth in adolescence.

Fraus, Katherine; Dominick, Whitney; Walenski, Aundreah; Taku, Kanako

doi:10.1037/tra0001181

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Specifically, the psychological impact of the pandemic seems to increase the impact of the bridge collapse that fosters PTG, which in turn promotes greater perceived community resilience. Although this result cannot be compared with other studies since it is the first time it has been investigated, we posit that cumulative trauma experience can lead to increased PTG (e.g., Fraus et al, 2023). This result is interesting because it links individual and community resources, promoting an ecological reading of trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Cumulative trauma and perceived community resilience: A serial mediation model

Cardinali,

Olcese,

Antichi

et al. 2023

Journal Community Psychology

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Communities affected by cumulative trauma can experience negative psychological reactions but also posttraumatic growth and community resilience, which promote adaptation and preparation for future traumatic events. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms that mediate the relationship between traumatic events and perceived community resilience. Participants were 118 Italian adults who experienced cumulative trauma and were recruited to complete an online survey. A serial multiple mediation model was estimated to assess whether the impact of the Morandi bridge collapse and posttraumatic growth mediated the relationship between the psychological impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic and perceived community resilience. The impact of the collapsed bridge and posttraumatic growth in serial partially mediated the relationship between the impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic and perceived community resilience. The impact of cumulative trauma can be considered through an ecological perspective that considers the consequences of these events in relation to community resilience.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Cumulative trauma and perceived community resilience: A serial mediation model

Cardinali,

Olcese,

Antichi

et al. 2023

Journal Community Psychology

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“…Based on previous findings about risk factors for PTG, we also adjusted for the number of adverse life events (Fraus et al. , 2023) at the baseline. Participants were asked whether they had experienced any of the following events within the past year: resignation, living alone, financial difficulty, loss of a spouse, loss of relatives or friends and serious illnesses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal associations between post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth among older adults 11 years after a disaster

Hikichi,

Taku,

Aida

et al. 2024

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between post-traumatic stress (PTS) and post-traumatic growth (PTG). Three major issues could account for this inconsistency: (1) the lack of information about mental health problems before the disaster, (2) the concept of PTG is still under scrutiny for potentially being an illusionary perception of personal growth and (3) the overlooking of PTS comorbidities as time-dependent confounding factors. To address these issues, we explored the associations of PTS and PTG with trauma-related diseases and examined the association between PTS and PTG using marginal structural models to address time-dependent confounding, considering pre-disaster covariates, among older survivors of the 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. Methods Seven months before the disaster, the baseline survey was implemented to ask older adults about their health in a city located 80 km west of the epicentre. After the disaster, we implemented follow-up surveys approximately every 3 years to collect information about PTS and comorbidities (depressive symptoms, smoking and drinking). We asked respondents about their PTG in the 2022 survey (n = 1,489 in the five-wave panel data). Results PTG was protectively associated with functional disability (coefficient −0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.82, −0.12, P < 0.01) and cognitive decline assessed by trained investigators (coefficient −0.07, 95% CI −0.11, −0.03, P < 0.01) and physicians (coefficient −0.06, 95% CI −0.11, −0.02, P < 0.01), while PTS was not significantly associated with them. Severely affected PTS (binary variable) was associated with higher PTG scores, even after adjusting for depressive symptoms, smoking and drinking as time-dependent confounders (coefficient 0.35, 95% CI 0.24, 0.46, P < 0.01). We also found that an ordinal variable of the PTS score had an inverse U-shaped association with PTG. Conclusion PTG and PTS were differentially associated with functional and cognitive disabilities. Thus, PTG might not simply be a cognitive bias among survivors with severe PTS. The results also indicated that the number of symptoms in PTS had an inverse U-shaped association with PTG. Our findings provided robust support for the theory of PTG, suggesting that moderate levels of psychological struggles (i.e., PTS) are essential for achieving PTG, whereas intense PTS may hinder the attainment of PTG. From a clinical perspective, interventions that encourage social support could be beneficial in achieving PTG by facilitating deliberate rumination.

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“…Jayawickreme et al (96) discovered that experiencing negative life events predicted increases in state posttraumatic growth but not overall posttraumatic growth over 1 year. Fraus et al (95) found that the total number of traumatic events was not significantly associated with posttraumatic growth. The Posttraumatic Growth model (3) also indicates that PTG does not always align with stress but rather emerges during the experience of psychological struggle when facing challenged worldviews.…”

Section: Negative Life Events and Psgmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In our study, we did not observe any correlation between the effects of negative life events and the other variables, particularly with respect to PSG. In fact, the relationship concerning negative life events and posttraumatic growth was not entirely inconsistent (95). Jayawickreme et al (96) discovered that experiencing negative life events predicted increases in state posttraumatic growth but not overall posttraumatic growth over 1 year.…”

Section: Negative Life Events and Psgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait rumination in post-stress growth among Chinese college students: the chain mediating effect of distress disclosure and perceived social support

Wang,

Xu,

Zeng

2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundRumination has emerged as a significant factor contributing to personal growth following periods of stress or trauma. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between trait rumination and post-stress growth (PSG) within the context of Chinese college students who encounter mild stressors in their daily lives. Moreover, we aim to evaluate the potential mediating roles played by both distress disclosure and perceived social support in this dynamic relationship.MethodAll participants completed assessments using the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, Rumination Response Scale, Post-Stress Growth Inventory, Distress Disclosure Index, and Perceived Social Support Scale. Correlation and mediation analyses were conducted using SPSS PROCESS 4 MACRO.ResultsAll students reported experiencing mild psychological impacts as a result of negative life events in the past year and displayed moderate levels of PSG. There was no significant correlation observed between the effects of negative life events and PSG. Significant negative correlations were found between trait rumination and distress disclosure, perceived social support, and PSG. Distress disclosure and perceived social support jointly operated as sequential mediators in the relationship between trait rumination and PSG among all the participants. Qualitative analyses revealed different correlation patterns of high- versus low-ruminator.ConclusionTrait rumination affects PSG both directly and indirectly, through its influence on distress disclosure and perceived social support. Our results emphasize the significance of actively participating in distress disclosure and nurturing a robust sense of social support to counteract the detrimental effects of rumination on post-stress growth among Chinese college students.

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The impact of multiple stressful life events on posttraumatic growth in adolescence.

Cited by 5 publications

References 46 publications

Cumulative trauma and perceived community resilience: A serial mediation model

Cumulative trauma and perceived community resilience: A serial mediation model

Longitudinal associations between post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth among older adults 11 years after a disaster

Trait rumination in post-stress growth among Chinese college students: the chain mediating effect of distress disclosure and perceived social support

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