the impact of national economy structural transformation on regional employment and income: the case of Latvia

Mihņenoka, Aleksandra; Šenfelde, Maija

doi:10.1515/jeb-2017-0015

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For instance (Fourastié, 1954;Fisher, 1939;and Clark, 1940) refer that during the process of economic development, employment first shifts from agriculture to manufacturing and then to services. This is a core aspect of the three-sector hypothesis (as cited in Mihnenoka & Senfelde, 2017). Also, Micallef (2016) has provided the evidence about the labor productivity and its change in the cross-sectional data on the micro level, for example of the Malta.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 88%

Structural and productivity shift of industries in Slovakia and Czech Republic: A comparative study

Mariš¹

2019

Journal of International Studies

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The objective of this paper was to explore the labor productivity growth and employment changes, thereby describing structural changes in the economies of Slovakia and Czech Republic in the time span of 1996-2016. As the main research method we chose shift-share analysis. The decomposition of the method identified the factors behind structural changes. The results shown that during the study period, the main driver of labor productivity in both economies was the upgrade of productivity itself within the industries (the socalled "within effect"). Slovakia was able to outpace Czech Republic in case of industrial production, agriculture and professional services. Employment had been evolving in both economies differently, particularly, Slovakia recorded the drop in employment in the sector of industrial production, whereas Czech Republic did not. Both economies have recorded labor switch from the primary sector to the services sector or to manufacturing. Overall taken, despite of very similar natural and geographic conditions, same political integration trends, and also similar economic background, perhaps due to the influence of sovereign policies and institutions, these two economies have been evolving differently. 314This topic is particularly important for the EU member states due to the presence of the European single market which fosters competitiveness, however, it might contribute to rising regional gap between "more" and "less" productive member states. Moreover, if particular EU states are integrated into European Monetary Union, the macroeconomic imbalances might have more profound impact on the structural stability of the whole monetary block.Recent analysis has pointed on substantial productivity growth rates in the 1990s and 2000s for the new EU member countries, particularly in the case of Czech Republic and Hungary. For instance, in the case of Czech Republic the average annual labor productivity growth rate was observed through several consecutive time periods (: 3,03%). As we can see from these numbers, impressively strong pace of growth soon became rather moderate. The analysis also indicates that the contribution of sectoral employment shifts to productivity increase is rather limited. The results identified are a likely reason for productivity gains and the shift of workers to more productive sectors (Mitkova & Dawid, 2016).Economic developments in the new EU member states during the transition period were also characterized by large shifts in the sectoral composition of GDP and employment, indicating a clear tendency of adjustment towards the broad economic structures in the EU-15. These broad shifts may thus be summarized under the headings of de-agrarization, de-industrialization and tertiarization (Havlík, 2005).The objective of the paper is twofold. First, it is to evaluate and compare the magnitude of structural changes in labor productivity and employment rearrangement across the industries of the national economies of Slovakia and Czech Republic. The second one is to identify the main fa...

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 88%

Structural and productivity shift of industries in Slovakia and Czech Republic: A comparative study

Mariš¹

2019

Journal of International Studies

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“…In addition, it is necessary to maintain territorial proportions. Mihnenoka and Senfelde (2017) state that the balanced development of regions is significant for the sustainable development of the country and the well-being of its population. However, they note that each country faces disparities in socio-economic development, which hinders this goal's achievement.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic inequality in Kazakhstani regions: Assessment and impact on regional development management

Sermagambet

Satpayeva²,

Smagulova

et al. 2022

Problems and Perspectives in Management

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Excessive differentiation of socio-economic development of regions leads to the collapse of a single socio-economic space and the emergence of socio-economic inequality. This study assessed socio-economic inequality in Kazakhstan and its impact on regional development management. It analyzed interregional disproportion of socio-economic development of regions through the index approach using statistical data from the Bureau of National Statistics for 2011–2019. A comprehensive study of the socio-economic development of Kazakhstan and its regional differences employed the proposed index of social and economic development. It was revealed that Kazakhstan has a high level of interregional differentiation of socio-economic development, which indicates the existing socio-economic inequality, requiring the development of new and improvement of existing mechanisms to create an inclusive economy. There are significant gaps in socio-economic development between Kazakhstani regions. According to the proposed index, Kazakhstan is at the above-average level (42, B). From 2011 to 2019, the index was practically at the same level (39-42). The average social and economic development was shown by Almaty (61.1, B++), Nur-Sultan (59.9, B+), Karaganda (53.1, B+), and East Kazakhstan (51.0, B+). Low social and economic development was shown by Akmola (29.8, C+) and North Kazakhstan (22.4, C+). The difference in the socio-economic development of the regions is directly interconnected with the regional economic and social policy. According to the results, to implement state policy in inclusive development and overcome socio-economic inequality, respective measures should promote economic integration, including the mechanisms of regional, industrial, and research policy, comprising all levels of state regulation. AcknowledgmentsThis study is supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan within the project “The science impact on Kazakhstan’s socio-economic development: methodology, assessment models and development scenarios” (IRN AP08052745).

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“…Agricultural companies ensure a relatively lower contribution to the national economy and the structure of GDP; thus, creating inequalities in the income of the population. The sectors of business activity either promote or hinder employment, thus, influencing the income level of the population (Mihnenoka, Senfelde, 2017).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Scientific Conference "New Challenges in Economic and Business Development – 2020: Economic Inequality and Well-Being" : Proceedings

2020

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In developed countries there is a valuable experience how to include people with disabilities into society: involve in several activities and let them know as people valuable for the society. More and more academic research is devoted to those aspects as well as public policy is developed to create and support social entrepreneurship. Aim of the paper is to analyse findings and good practice of employment of people with mental disabilities in several countries and analyse the situation and possible developments on employment of people with mental disabilities in Latvia. Tasks of research: 1) analyse results of academic findings on good practice and challenges in employment of people with mental disabilities wold-wide; 2) analyse the developments and trends on employment of people with mental disabilities in Latvia; 3) propose possible development scenarios on employment of people with mental disabilities in Latvia. Research methods used in research: scientific publications analysis; analysis of legislative documents on employment of people with mental disabilities, analysis of statistical data on employment of people with mental disabilities. Research results have shown that in recent years many important steps in employment of people with mental disabilities in Latvia has been reached but there are some difficulties in realise of sustainability in this aspect.

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the impact of national economy structural transformation on regional employment and income: the case of Latvia

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Structural and productivity shift of industries in Slovakia and Czech Republic: A comparative study

Structural and productivity shift of industries in Slovakia and Czech Republic: A comparative study

Socio-economic inequality in Kazakhstani regions: Assessment and impact on regional development management

International Scientific Conference "New Challenges in Economic and Business Development – 2020: Economic Inequality and Well-Being" : Proceedings

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