The impact of PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 on Covid-19 severity in a sample of patients with multiple sclerosis: A case-control study

Ponzano, Marta; Schiavetti, Irene; Bergamaschi, Roberto; Pisoni, Enrico; Bellavia, Andrea; Mallucci, Giulia; Carmisciano, Luca; Inglese, Matilde; Cordioli, Cinzia; Marfia, Girolama Alessandra; Cocco, Eleonora; Immovilli, Paolo; Pesci, Ilaria; Scandellari, Cinzia; Cavalla, Paola; Radaelli, Marta; Vianello, Marika; Vitetta, Francesca; Montepietra, Sara; Amato, Maria Pia; Fioretti, Cristina; Filippi, Massimo; Sartori, Arianna; Caleri, Francesca; Clerico, Marinella; Gallo, Antonio; Conte, Antonella; Clerici, Raffaella; Luca, Giovanna De; Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli; Cantello, Roberto; Calabrese, Massimiliano; Tortorella, Carla; Rovaris, Marco; Verrengia, Elena Pinuccia; Patti, Francesco; Morra, Vincenzo Brescia; Salvetti, Marco; Sormani, Maria Pia

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.104243

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…A similar study was carried out in São Paulo city, Brazil, in which significant relationships were also found between MS relapses and PM 10 [5]. In addition to PM 10 , other pollutants may be related to MS relapses, such as sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) [6,9,13]. The first epidemiological study on MS in Brazil was conducted in São Paulo city in 1990, indicating a prevalence of 4.27/100,000 inhabitants (5.59/100.000 women and 2.89/100.000 men), an index considered low when compared to countries in the northern hemisphere [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Most of the studies show a significant impact of air pollution on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases [3,4]. However, recent studies demonstrate the relationship between air pollution exposures and neuroinflammatory responses, which may be related to the development of diseases of the central nervous system such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis [5][6][7][8][9]. This study was conducted to investigate possible associations between air pollution and thermal discomfort and multiple sclerosis hospitalizations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in multiple countries have shown that there are possible links between atmospheric pollution and hospitalizations for MS relapses, since exposures to certain pollutants present in the atmosphere may increase the systemic inflammatory response and neuroinflammation [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In Italy, a study found significant relationships in the occurrence of MS relapses due to exposure to PM 10 [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of Air Pollution and Thermal Discomfort in Hospitalizations for Multiple Sclerosis in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Diniz,

Gonçalves,

Zilli Vieira

et al. 2023

Sclerosis

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, neurological, and demyelinating disease of unknown etiology. Neuroinflammation caused by the disease has been associated with air pollution as well as bioclimatic conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of air pollution and human thermal discomfort on hospitalizations for multiple sclerosis in Sao Paulo, Brazil, from 2008 to 2015. Generalized Additive Model for Location Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) with Zero Inflated Poisson was used to relate multiple sclerosis hospitalizations in three age groups (less than 30 years old, between 30 and 50 years old, and more than 50 years old) and gender (female and male) with atmospheric pollutants PM10, SO2, NO2, NO, and NOx and thermal discomfort. The results showed that the exposure to an increase of 1 µg/m3 in SO2 concentration is highly associated with a 10% increase of the risk of MS hospitalization (95% CI: 2–21%) in female patients and a 7.5% (95% CI: 1.5–16%) increase in male patients. PM10 and NO were associated with increased MS risk only for female patients, mainly aged between 30 and 50 years old (2% and 1% increase in hospitalizations, respectively). The cold discomfort was also associated with MS hospitalization, mainly in males (2% increase in hospitalizations; 95% IC: 1–3%). These results are important, since there are few studies that relate air pollution and thermal discomfort with hospitalizations for multiple sclerosis in Brazil.

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