The Impact of Psychological Factors on Cyberbullying Behaviors among Youth in Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract

Addressing the rising concern of cyberbullying among young people, this study holds critical importance as it delves into the psychological underpinnings specifically depression, anger, and self-esteem that influence such behaviors on social media among the youth in Selangor. Utilizing a sample of 394 young residents, the research employed a comprehensive questionnaire disseminated via online platform to measure these emotional and psychological variables. Instruments such as the Depression PHQ-9, Clinical Anger Scale, Selfesteem Scale, and Cyberbullying Offending Scale were utilized to gauge the corresponding attributes. The research reveals a significant gender disparity in cyberbullying incidents with males showing higher levels than females. Notably, depression and anger were found to be positively correlated with cyberbullying, suggesting that these emotional states may serve as catalysts for cyberbullying activities. Conversely, self-esteem shows a negative correlation, implying that higher self-esteem may act as a safeguard against cyberbullying. Of particular interest is the finding that anger emerges as a unique predictor for cyberbullying behaviors, thereby highlighting the importance of targeted interventions aimed at anger management. The study conclusively shows that emotional conditions like depression and anger, along with self-esteem, play a pivotal role in shaping cyberbullying tendencies among the youth. By providing a deeper understanding of these influential psychological factors, the study serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, educators, and mental health professionals looking to design effective interventions, thereby contributing to the reduction of cyberbullying and fostering a safer online atmosphere for young individuals.