The Impact of Resistance Training on Swimming Performance: A Systematic Review

Crowley, Emmet; Harrison, Andrew J.; Lyons, Mark

doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0730-2

Cited by 122 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…To date, no multi-joint isometric test for upper body pulling ability has been validated. Given the importance of upper body pulling ability in various sports such as kayaking [16] and swimming [17], it is important for practitioners to use a validated and reliable test to assess the athletes' upper body pulling force-time curve characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and Reliability of the Isometric Prone Bench Pull Test

Lum

Aziz

2020

Int J Sports Med

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AbstractIsometric strength tests are gaining popularity in recent years. However, no study has validated any isometric strength tests to assess upper body pulling ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of isometric prone bench pull. Twenty-three resistance trained athletes (age: 26±4 years, height: 1.75±0.07 m, body mass: 78.6±11.5 kg) were required to perform prone bench pull 1 repetition maximum and isometric prone bench pull tests during the familiarization and actual testing sessions. Isometric prone bench pull was performed at 90° and 120° elbow angles. Peak force and rate of force development measures were highly reliable with intra-correlation coefficient between 0.881–0.987. Peak force obtained from isometric prone bench pull at both elbow angles showed large correlations to prone bench pull 1 repetition maximum (r=0.833–0.858, p<0.01). Linear regression equations to predict 1RM performance from isometric prone bench pull peak force produced an estimated 1RM with a standard error of only 3–6% of the average prone bench pull 1 repetition maximum. The current findings show that isometric prone bench pull is a reliable test and can be used to predict prone bench pull performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and Reliability of the Isometric Prone Bench Pull Test

Lum

Aziz

2020

Int J Sports Med

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“…In several sports, CT is a usual method of training, as it combines the specific motions of sports, such as swimming or running, with resistance training to obtain gains in several actions/tasks crucial for increase sport performance [48][49][50][51]. Our search revealed that among the studies on CT intensity, only a few reported data on professional athletes [37,42,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2019

Int J Sports Med

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Concurrent resistance and aerobic training (CT) has been applied to optimize both strength and aerobic performance. However, it should be carefully prescribed, as there are some factors, as the training intensity, which have strong influence on training adaptations. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to analyze the scientific evidence regarding aerobic and resistance exercise intensities during CT and their effect on performance outcomes. The effects of exercise intensity on a subsequent detraining period were also assessed. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, the risk of bias was assessed, and the percentage of changes and effect sizes were quantified. CT improved running times (10 m, 30 m and 10 km) and strength performance (one-repetition maximum, countermovement jump) regardless of exercise intensity used (4-47 %, ES = 0.4-2.8). Nevertheless, higher aerobic training intensities (≥ lactate threshold intensity) resulted in higher aerobic gains (5-10 %, ES = 0.3-0.6), and greater neuromuscular adaptations were found when higher resistance loads (≥ 70 % of maximal strength) were used (10-14 %, ES = 0.4-1.3). Most traininginduced gains were reversed after 2-4 weeks of detraining. Although further research is needed, it seems that higher intensities of aerobic or resistance training induce greater aerobic or neuromuscular gains, respectively. Nevertheless, it seems that higher resistance training loads should be combined with lower aerobic training intensities for increased strength gains and minimal losses after detraining. have shown that CT affects the development of muscle strength and power (i. e., interference effect) [3-7], others have indicated that CT has no inhibitory effect on strength and aerobic development compared to strength training alone [8-15]. The interference between strength and aerobic training can be explained by the training pro-This document was downloaded for personal use only. Unauthorized distribution is strictly prohibited.

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“…The effects of RT on swimming performance are a frequently debated topic. 58 performance; however, more longitudinal studies are needed. RT also plays a vital role in reducing the occurrence of injuries, 60 particularly in youth athletes.…”

Section: Rt Cross-training Activities and Risk Of Early Specializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Ultra-Short Race-Pace Training (USRPT) In Swimming: Current Perspectives</p>

Nugent¹,

Comyns²,

Kearney³

et al. 2019

OAJSM

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The last decade has seen a dramatic rise in sports science research due to the ever-increasing professionalization of sport. As a result, many alternative training methodologies that challenge traditional training philosophies have emerged. In the sport of swimming, ultra-short race-pace training (USRPT) was recently proposed. The aim of this article was to provide current perspectives on USRPT in competitive swimming. A systematic review was conducted to determine the effects of USRPT on performance in competitive swimmers. Of the 1347 studies retrieved, 1332 were excluded. The full-texts of 15 studies were assessed for eligibility. However, all 15 studies were excluded as the intervention did not consist of USRPT. Consequently, there are concerns surrounding USRPT as it is not currently based on peer-reviewed published literature. In addition, the recommendations within USRPT to avoid resistance training, cross-training activities, training intensities less than race-pace velocity and part practice swimming drills are highly controversial and lack scientific evidence. There is evidence to suggest that USRPT is a derivative of high-intensity training (HIT) and there is peer-reviewed published literature available to support the effects of HIT on performance in competitive swimmers. Swimming coaches and sports scientists are advised to consider the applications of USRPT with caution. The authors suggest that USRPT is a training method, which may be incorporated within a holistic periodized training program that includes a variety of training methods and stimuli. Future research should involve a randomized controlled intervention of USRPT in competitive swimmers.

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The Impact of Resistance Training on Swimming Performance: A Systematic Review

Abstract: Future research is needed with respect to the effects of long-term resistance-training interventions on both technical parameters of swimming and overall swimming performance. The results of such work will be highly informative for the scientific community, coaches and athletes.

Cited by 122 publications

References 70 publications

Validity and Reliability of the Isometric Prone Bench Pull Test

Validity and Reliability of the Isometric Prone Bench Pull Test

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<p>Ultra-Short Race-Pace Training (USRPT) In Swimming: Current Perspectives</p>

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