The impact of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), seedbed, light and seed fall on natural beech (Fagus sylvatica) regeneration

Olesen, Carsten Riis; Madsen, Palle

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2008.03.050

Cited by 43 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…According to Vrška et al (2001), despite disputable results the complete fencing of spruce-fir-beech natural forests is currently the only solution ensuring their relatively natural spontaneous development. Similar conclusions were also documented by Olesen & Madsen (2008) from Denmark and by Harmer (2001) from the United Kingdom, who recommended protecting the natural regeneration in these forests by fencing. In the Alps, Ammer (1996) and Senn & Sutter (2003) identified the problem of ungulate population densities that were the highest since the 19 th century and substantially influenced the dynamics of natural regeneration.…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

Structure and dynamics of spruce-beech-fir forests in Nature Reserves of the Orlické hory Mts. in relation to ungulate game

Vacek

2017

Central European Forestry Journal

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Knowledge of the structure and dynamics of near-natural mixed forests is a key factor for ecologically oriented management of forest ecosystems. The development of these model forests mostly takes place continually without any pronounced disturbances. Natural regeneration can be locally limited by ungulate browsing. The paper was focused on the structure and development of forest stands with emphasis on natural regeneration in relation to ungulates in Černý důl Nature Reserve and Trčkov National Nature Reserve situated in the Orlické hory Mts., Czech Republic. The case study was conducted in a spruce-beech-fir forest stand on four permanent research plots (PRP) of 0.25 ha in size. PRP are situated in the same stand and in comparable site and stand conditions, but two PRP has been protected against game by fencing since [1985][1986][1987][1988][1989]. The stand volume ranged from 478 to 565 m 3 ha −1 in age 143 -156 year. The results showed that the diversity of tree layer was higher by 19.8% (48.0% in species richness) in the stands protected by fence. In the phase of natural regeneration, the species composition, stand structure and number of recruits were poorer on unfenced PRP (7,990 recruits ha ). Admixed silver fir and rowan were completely eliminated by browsing (to 94 -100% of individuals). Growth analyses statistically confirmed that ungulates were a significant limiting factor for successful forest development (P < 0.001).

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supporting

confidence: 78%

Structure and dynamics of spruce-beech-fir forests in Nature Reserves of the Orlické hory Mts. in relation to ungulate game

Vacek

2017

Central European Forestry Journal

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“…Subsequently, these processes should lead to the arrangement tions Vacek 2017) and mechanical or repellents protection with focusing on support of fir, sycamore maple and other species largely suffering from browsing seems to be necessary (Olesen & Madsen 2008;Häsler & Senn 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term transformation of submontane spruce-beech forests in the Jizerské hory Mts.: dynamics of natural regeneration

Slanař¹,

Vacek²,

Vacek³

et al. 2017

Central European Forestry Journal

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The paper deals with development of the natural regeneration of even-aged spruce-beech forests during their transformation to uneven-aged stands with diversified structure at the Jedlový důl area in the Protected Landscape Area Jizerské hory Mts., Czech Republic. Shelterwood management system and free felling policy based on selection principles has been applied there since 1979 with the support of admixed tree species of the natural species composition, especially silver fir (Abies alba Mill.). The research was focuses on structure and development of natural regeneration with the emphasis on ungulate damage and interaction with tree layer from 1979 to 2015. In the course of 36 years, the regeneration structure was diversified towards the close-to-nature tree species composition, spatial and age structure. The number of regeneration recruits increased in average from 941 to 41,669 ind ha -1. During this period share of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) significantly (p < 0.01) increased (by 53.6%), while the share of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) decreased (by 51.5%), such as damage caused by ungulate (by 61.4%) with the highest loses on sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.) and silver fir. Moreover, the parent trees had a significant negative influence on natural regeneration at smaller spacing (within a 1 -5 m radius from the stem). Both, regeneration potential and effective role of the tree layer during the forest transformation has been confirmed as important prerequisites for ongoing forest transformation.

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“…Another important factor lowering the seedling occurrence may be the rodent consumption of beechnuts. Olesen and Madsen (2008) estimated that potentially 15 beechnuts/m 2 were consumed by rodents over winter. In the same study only 1% of the initial seed fall (44-54% viable beechnuts) developed into seedlings in unprepared soil indicating that the rates of surviving beechnuts are in general very low (in our case 2.36% of full seeds).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One solution could be the maximum use of actual seed falls with variability in the shelterwood density inducing differentiation in the growth of regeneration and active approach in regeneration of silver fir that had formed an important part of the tree species composition in the area and that almost disappeared from the stands due to human activity (Bílek, Remeš 2006). Traditional regeneration practices that include soil preparation, planting and direct seeding may still be needed to support rehabilitation during the transition to nature-based forestry (Olesen, Madsen 2008). At the landscape level topographical irregularities of the landform and natural disturbances should replace uniform shelterwood cutting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural regeneration of senescent even-aged beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands under the conditions of Central Bohemia

Bílek¹,

Remeš²,

Zahradník³

2009

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The natural regeneration of beech (Fagus sylvatica l.) was studied under various shelterwood densities and silvicultural treatments in senescent beech stands in central Bohemia. four permanent research plots differed in shelterwood density, crown cover and average relative light intensities. Between 2003 and 2007, seed production, seedling emergence and survival were followed. The mean density of beech seeds (full and empty) per 1 m 2 was estimated in another forest stand. in the autumn of 2003 the values were distinctly higher than those indicated for full mast years of beech. Despite high losses during the wintering of seeds, relatively low germination and high first-season mortality, the high density of 1-year-old beech seedlings indicates that these elements are not the factors which hinder natural regeneration. The thickness of the humus horizons influenced the density of young beech seedlings during all the three years. Ground vegetation was more frequent outside the crown projections of parent trees and increased with distance from the nearest tree. A reduction of crown cover to the level of 80% was an appropriate measure that assured the high survival of beech regeneration during the observed four-year period. Border cutting with the outer face oriented towards the east has to be considered as less suitable for beech regeneration than shelterwood systems and group selection harvesting.

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The impact of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), seedbed, light and seed fall on natural beech (Fagus sylvatica) regeneration

Cited by 43 publications

References 36 publications

Structure and dynamics of spruce-beech-fir forests in Nature Reserves of the Orlické hory Mts. in relation to ungulate game

Structure and dynamics of spruce-beech-fir forests in Nature Reserves of the Orlické hory Mts. in relation to ungulate game

Long-term transformation of submontane spruce-beech forests in the Jizerské hory Mts.: dynamics of natural regeneration

Natural regeneration of senescent even-aged beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands under the conditions of Central Bohemia

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