The Impact of Sickle Cell Disease on Academic Performance among Affected Students

Hakami, Khalid; Abusageah, Faisal; Jaawna, Essa; Khawaji, Meshal; Alhazmi, Essam; Zogel, Basem; Qahl, Salman; Qumayri, Ghadeer

doi:10.3390/children9010015

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In Nigeria, it was reported that children with SCD are missing school and have poor school performance due to the physical impacts of SCD [ 11 , 12 ]. Additionally, in some schools, special labels are placed on the clothes of pupils/students with SCD for easy identification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Sickle Cell Disease on the Quality of Life: A Focus on the Untold Experiences of Parents in Tanzania

Kilonzi

Mwakawanga

Felician

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Tanzania is among the top five countries with a high burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) in the world. Even though the effects of SCD on quality of life have been documented in other countries including Nigeria and the United States of America, few are known from Tanzania. Therefore, this study focused on evaluating the effects of SCD on the quality of life among children living with SCD and their parents. The study employed a qualitative approach to interview purposively selected parents of children who have lived with SCD and have used hydroxyurea (HU) for more than 3 years. The in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 parents of children with SCD at the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) in Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania. A semi-structured interview guide was used. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed. Three themes were generated including psycho-social effects: family conflicts and divorce, limited access to education, stress and fear; financial effects: Employment limitation, reduced efficiency and productivity, loss of job and lack of self-keeping expenses; and physical effects: physical disability and dependence, and burden of the frequent crisis. Children living with SCD and their parents suffer psycho-social, financial, and physical impacts of the disease. Appropriate interventions should be introduced to minimize the observed effects as ways of improving the quality of life of the individuals living with SCD and their caregivers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Sickle Cell Disease on the Quality of Life: A Focus on the Untold Experiences of Parents in Tanzania

Kilonzi

Mwakawanga

Felician

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…SCD is a chronic disease that is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia, including the Jazan province. We previously investigated how this disease could affect the affected individual’s quality of life and academic performance [ 1 , 12 , 13 ]. Adherence to appointments with the treating physician is crucial for the purposes of managing and anticipating complications that are commonly associated with this disease [ 3 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health Belief Model Modifying Factors Associated with Missed Clinic Appointments among Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease in the Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2022

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In treating chronic illnesses, such as sickle cell disease (SCD), outpatient care is essential; poor adherence in attending clinic appointments can lead to serious outcomes. SCD is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia, and patients with SCD are advised to follow up with their treating physician in order to control this disease manifestation and to better forecast its complications. Studies evaluating missed appointments among patients with SCD are rare. Therefore, the current study aimed to use the health belief model’s modifying factors in order to evaluate the variables associated with poor adherence in attending appointments. A total of 381 participants with SCD from various regions in the Jazan Province, southwestern Saudi Arabia, were included. The survey instrument included socioeconomic determinants, factors associated with poor adherence in attending outpatient appointments, and solutions under the conceptual framework of the health belief model. A descriptive analysis was conducted and the factors that impacted adherence in attending the appointments were evaluated. In the current sample, respondents with SCD from 21 to 30 years represented 41%, which was followed by participants who were 11 to 20 years at 21.5%. In addition, about 60% of the participants were women. Further, approximately 62% of the patients admitted were missing one or more outpatient appointments in the previous year, which was significantly related to various factors, such as socioeconomic characteristics and patient residence. Forgetting the appointment was the main reason for skipping outpatient appointments for patients with SCD; as such, reminders appear to be a good solution for most participants. Our findings indicated that modifying components of the health belief model, including age, level of education, income, patients’ residence, and lacking cues to action (such as reminders) are important in explaining the reason for poor adherence in attending appointments. Thus, efforts are needed to address these factors and to ensure that SCD patients uphold their appointments. Future studies should examine the clinical, psychological, and epidemiological aspects that are linked with missed consultations.

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“…Those who were younger than 18 years of age, living outside Jazan province, and diagnosed with haemoglobin disorders other than SCD, and those who refused to participate, were excluded from the study. Data were gathered using an anonymous self-administrated questionnaire obtained from previously published studies [19][20][21]. The data were collected based on the networks of the trained data collectors and investigators of the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to Hydroxyurea and Patients’ Perceptions of Sickle Cell Disease and Hydroxyurea: A Cross-Sectional Study

Madkhali,

Abusageah,

Hakami

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Hydroxyurea is a crucial treatment for sickle cell disease (SCD), but some patients’ adherence to it remains suboptimal. Understanding patients’ perspectives on SCD and HU is essential for improving adherence. This study aimed to assess hydroxyurea adherence and patients’ perceptions of SCD and hydroxyurea among SCD patients in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from 217 SCD patients using self-administered questionnaires from August 2022 to January 2023. The survey covered patient demographics, SCD consequences, and other clinical data. We used the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) to measure patients’ disease perception and the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) to evaluate patients’ adherence to HU. Data were analysed using descriptive, t-test, and chi-square tests, and the p-value was set at <0.05 for significance. Results: More than half of the patients were male, with a mean age of 28.09 ± 8.40 years. About 57.6% of the patients were currently using HU. About 81.6% of HU users reported low adherence. The adherence was lower among individuals with infections/recurrent infections and in patients who received repeated blood transfusions. ICU admission, blood transfusion, and certain SCD complications were associated with HU use. Male patients had a higher perception of SCD consequences, concern, and understanding. ICU-admitted and recurrent hospitalized patients had a higher perception of the SCD-related consequences, symptoms, concerns, and emotional responses. Conclusions: HU seems a well-established and efficacious disease-modifying agent, but its underutilization for SCD patients remains challenging. To overcome the adherence challenges, healthcare providers must educate SCD patients about the role of hydroxyurea in lowering disease severity and addressing side effects to obtain maximum benefits. Healthcare providers may consider tailored educational interventions to improve adherence, particularly for patients with infections, recurrent hospitalizations, or repeated blood transfusions. Further research is needed to identify strategies for improving hydroxyurea adherence and patient education among SCD patients.

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The Impact of Sickle Cell Disease on Academic Performance among Affected Students

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

The Effects of Sickle Cell Disease on the Quality of Life: A Focus on the Untold Experiences of Parents in Tanzania

The Effects of Sickle Cell Disease on the Quality of Life: A Focus on the Untold Experiences of Parents in Tanzania

The Health Belief Model Modifying Factors Associated with Missed Clinic Appointments among Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease in the Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia

Adherence to Hydroxyurea and Patients’ Perceptions of Sickle Cell Disease and Hydroxyurea: A Cross-Sectional Study

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