The Impact of Size and Loading Direction on the Strength of Architected Lattice Materials

Bauer, J.; Schroer, Almut; Schwaiger, Ruth; Kraft, O.

doi:10.1002/adem.201600235

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Figure a–c shows snapshots of micro‐/nanolattices during uniaxial tensile tests, and Figure d presents a plot of the specific tensile strength versus relative density of several micro‐/nanolattices. The results reveal that micro‐/nanolattices attain high specific strengths under tensile loading at ultralow densities, which is higher than those of various natural materials, foams, and honeycombs (Figure d) . For example, hollow‐tube alumina nanolattices with an octet‐truss geometry achieve a high specific tensile strength of 146 MPa g −1 cm 3 at a relative density of 6.5% .…”

Section: Mechanical Behaviors and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such exceptional tensile behaviors of micro‐/nanolattices are attributed to the reduced size of the beams, optimized topologies, and hierarchical architecture. In addition to directly performing tensile tests on dog bone‐shaped samples, an indirect push‐to‐pull method has been used to perform tensile tests on some micro‐/nanolattices. The applied compressive load on the designed hexagonal frame is transformed into a tensile load on the tested samples .…”

Section: Mechanical Behaviors and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to directly performing tensile tests on dog bone‐shaped samples, an indirect push‐to‐pull method has been used to perform tensile tests on some micro‐/nanolattices. The applied compressive load on the designed hexagonal frame is transformed into a tensile load on the tested samples . Although this push‐to‐pull method has proven to be able to characterize the tensile properties of micro‐/nanolattices, there are still several shortcomings, such as the efficiency in the load transfer from the designed hexagonal frame to the sample and the experimental errors caused by the compliance of the frame structure itself.…”

Section: Mechanical Behaviors and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Behaviors and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design, Fabrication, and Mechanics of 3D Micro‐/Nanolattices

Zhang

Wang

Ding

et al. 2019

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Over the past several decades, lattice materials have been developed and used as engineering materials for lightweight and stiff industrial structures. Recent advances in additive manufacturing techniques have prompted the emergence of architected materials with minimum characteristic sizes ranging from several micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. Taking advantage of the topological design, structural optimization, and size effects of nanomaterials, various 3D micro‐/nanolattice materials composed of different materials exhibit combinations of superior mechanical properties, such as low density, high strength (even approaching the theoretical limits), large deformability, good recoverability, and flaw tolerance. As a result, some micro‐/nanolattices occupy an unprecedented area in Ashby charts with a combination of different material properties. Here, recent advances in the fabrication and mechanics of micro‐/nanolattices are described. First, various design principles and advanced techniques used for the fabrication of micro‐/nanolattices are summarized. Then, the mechanical behaviors and properties of micro‐/nanolattices are further described, including the compressive Young's modulus, strength, energy absorption, recoverability, and tensile behavior, with an emphasis on mechanistic insights and origins. Finally, the main challenges in the fabrication and mechanics of micro‐/nanolattices are addressed and an outlook for further investigations and potential applications of micro‐/nanolattices in the future is provided.

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Section: Mechanical Behaviors and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Behaviors and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Behaviors and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Behaviors and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design, Fabrication, and Mechanics of 3D Micro‐/Nanolattices

Zhang

Wang

Ding

et al. 2019

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Coatings for Core–Shell Composite Micro‐Lattice Structures: Varying Sputtering Parameters

et al. 2021

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Magnetron sputtering has garnered increased attention as a versatile deposition method for generating novel core–shell composite nano‐ and micro‐lattice materials spanning a wide range of properties and functionalities. Sputtering offers an expansive material workspace consisting of a wide range of ceramics, single‐element metals, and alloy systems. However, achieving uniform coatings on such fine‐featured structures remains a challenge. Thus, herein, a foundational assessment of various sputtering configurations, cathode geometries, and deposition parameters is carried out to investigate their implications on the coating thickness and uniformity of 3D micro‐lattice scaffolds. Specifically, tetrahedral‐truss structures fabricated via direct laser writing are coated by leveraging planar and inverted cylindrical magnetron cathodes at select deposition rates, sputtering powers, and Ar working pressures. Both plasma focused ion beam and microtome sectioning techniques are employed to evaluate the cross section of individual struts and assess overall uniformity. Overall, the influence of key sputtering factors on the design and development of core–shell composite nano‐ and micro‐lattice materials is highlighted and a pathway for future sputter coating optimization on these complex structures is provided.

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Multifunctionality of Nanoengineered Self‐Sensing Lattices Enabled by Additive Manufacturing

et al. 2022

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Lightweight cellular materials are engineered to enhance performance attributes such as energy absorption, specific stiffness, negative Poisson's ratio, negative thermal expansion coefficient, etc. However, self‐sensing functionality of such architected materials is seldom explored. Herein, a combined experimental and numerical study on additive manufacturing (AM)‐enabled self‐sensing cellular composites processed via fused filament fabrication, utilizing in‐house engineered multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polypropylene random copolymer (PPR) filament feedstocks, is reported. The tunable self‐sensing and enhanced mechanical performance of PPR/MWCNT lattices are experimentally demonstrated by varying their architectural parameters in addition to the MWCNT content. The lattices reveal strain and damage sensitivity gauge factors of 12 and 1.2, respectively, comparable to bulk materials’ commercial gauge factors. Furthermore, self‐sensing lattices exhibit 200%, 155%, 153%, and 137% increase in stiffness, energy absorption capacity (as high as 4.7 MJ m−3), specific energy absorption (20.5 J g−1), and energy absorption efficiency (90%), respectively, compared with their non‐reinforced counterparts. The tunable multifunctional performance of AM‐enabled cellular composites demonstrated here provides guidelines for the design and development of composite lattices with advantaged structural and functional properties for an array of applications such as patient‐specific biomedical devices capable of measuring comfort in prosthetics.

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The Impact of Size and Loading Direction on the Strength of Architected Lattice Materials

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

Design, Fabrication, and Mechanics of 3D Micro‐/Nanolattices

Design, Fabrication, and Mechanics of 3D Micro‐/Nanolattices

Coatings for Core–Shell Composite Micro‐Lattice Structures: Varying Sputtering Parameters

Multifunctionality of Nanoengineered Self‐Sensing Lattices Enabled by Additive Manufacturing

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