“…In line with the "thrifty phenotype" hypothesis described by Hales and Barker (Suri, Suri, Arora, Gupta, & Adhikari, 2019), gestational environmental exposures, such as gestational hyperglycaemia, maternal obesity and overfeeding or underfeeding during pregnancy, are suggested to epigenetically alter the programming of genes, resulting in a long-term imprint on gene expression (Gluckman, Hanson, & Low, 2011;Godfrey, Inskip, & Hanson, 2011;Hanson, Godfrey, Lillycrop, Burdge, & Gluckman, 2011;Khalyfa et al, 2014).…”