The Impact of Smoking on Severity and Outcome in Patients With Covid-19 Infection in Mosul City

Abstract

Introduction:The novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-19) is mainly accountable for the disease outbreak infection, which began in Wuhan, China, in 2019. Numerous modest research has been carried so far to ascertain the risks of smoking on the magnitude, consequence, and morbidity of patients with COVID-19, but the findings have been incomplete.Aims: This study assesses the effects of current smokers on the magnitude and consequence in patients with COVID-19 infectious disease in Mosul, Iraq.Materials and Methods: A total of 160 patients (80 active smokers and 80 non-smokers) who were confirmed with COVID-19 infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test were enrolled in this study. A detailed history was obtained from of the subjects, as well as a thorough clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. The intensity of illness, biomarkers, D-dimer, liver enzymes (LFT), oxygen consumption, hospitalization, and outcome were all documented and analyzed between a two groups. Results and conclusion:The symptoms of COVID-19, measured laboratory markers were significantly higher in the sample of smokers compared to non-smokers. There has been no significant difference in the use of oxygen, hospitalization, ICU admission, death, or post-recovery problems. Serious clinical COVID-19 infection was much more prevalent in current smokers, and inflammatory markers such as D-dimer and LFT appeared greater in non -smokers than in smokers. There was no statistically significant difference in O2 usage, hospitalization, ICU admittance, death, or persistent morbidity.

Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant reserve in rheumatoid arthritis patients

“…Finally, the current study shows that HCQ was a highly significant improvement in oxidative stress parameter (MDA), and TG concentrations in the serum patients with RA compared with RA patients on conventional therapy and control and was a highly significant improvement in MDA and TG levels in comparison with conventional therapy. It is worthy to mention that hydroxychloroquine is used in COVID-19 with an obscure mechanism of action [45][46][47][48][49], either alone or with zinc as a cofactor for potential therapy [50]. While the proposed mechanism also involved reduced oxidative and pro-inflammatory damage, nonetheless, these data need further confirmation at a molecular level to confirm the therapeutic activities.…”

The Correlation between Age and Coronavirus Infections

“…The lifestyle of patients, such as obesity, smoking, alcohol drinking, and beverage consumption could affect the disease profile and pathogenicity [51][52][53][54]. Types of drugs used for the treatment of COVID-19…”