The impact of stress on the quality of pork

The relevance of this study is conditioned upon the substantial importance of the history of the discovery and research of Lyme borreliosis for medical science and veterinary medicine, since new theories, experiments, conclusions are built on the research of scientists who have proved the existence of this disease in animals and humans, and positive practices are accumulated regarding methods and schemes of treatment and prevention. The purpose of this study was to analyse the literature primary sources covering the history of the discovery, the results of the study of Lyme borreliosis disease to understand the features of its course and search for effective diagnostic and treatment methods. The chronology of the main results confirming the existence of Lyme borreliosis caused by Ixodidae ticks is summarised. Scientific sources covering the history of the discovery and research of Lyme borreliosis were analysed to understand the features of its course and search for effective methods of laboratory diagnostics and treatment. The main projects of the European Union programme aimed at financing research and innovative development “Horizon 2020” were determined. It was found that the projects in the field of Lyme borreliosis research also relate to certain topics, namely the creation of tests for the detection of Lyme disease, the study of the vectors of the causative agents of this disease, the development of an appropriate vaccine, and the assessment of the risks of consequences for human and animal health. It was concluded that the main areas of research are as follows: persistence of diseases and their causative agents transmitted by Ixodidae ticks; natural control of Ixodidae ticks; detection of pathogens in Ixodidae ticks; level of infection of vertebrates; habitats and natural foci of vectors and their hosts; testing and medical trials; effect of magnetic field on Borrelia; genome mapping of Borrelia species, visualisation of the human brain for disease research; research by polymerase chain reaction; endocrine studies; immune complexes, diagnosis of neuropsychiatric complications in children and adults. The practical value of this study lies in the awareness of modern scientists about the chronology of the study of Lyme borreliosis, the main ways of distribution and methods of its diagnosis in animals and humans, determining the prospects for further research according to the topical issues covered in this paper, which are solved within the framework of international projects

The History of the Discovery and Research of Lyme Borreliosis in Animals and Humans

SOROKA¹,

Kravchuk²,

ZHURENKO³

2022

Microscopic changes in the spleen due to feline infectious peritonitis

Lisova¹,

Kotliarov²

2022

The relevance of the study is that pathological and morphological changes with feline infectious peritonitis have been studied by few authors and are not fully described. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the causative agent of infectious peritonitis on the structure of the spleen in cats. The paper highlights the results of histological studies of sections obtained from distinct parts of the spleen of cats of different ages who died from mixed (26 animals) and dry (7 animals) forms of infectious peritonitis. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin according to the generally accepted method. The paper describes the details of microscopic changes in the spleen in dry and mixed forms of feline infectious peritonitis. It was found that these changes are not affected by the form of the disease but are characterized by features depending on the duration of its course. In cats in which the disease lasted up to three weeks before death, the red pulp of the spleen was unevenly swollen, infiltrated by lymphocytes and monocytes, in some places contained foci of necrotic cells, and red blood cells were absent. Changes in the white pulp were represented by hyperplasia of lymphoid nodules. These nodules were of varied sizes and were located eccentrically relative to the central arteries. There are no distinct lymphoid nodules around part of the central arteries. On the surface of the capsule, fibrinous-necrotic overlays are present in places, under which there is no mesothelium, and the capsule is infiltrated with lymphocytes and monocytes. In other areas, mesotheliocytes underwent distinct metaplasia – from flat cells, they turned into columnar cells. In some areas of the spleen, some animals have no serous membrane. In cats with the disease lasting over three weeks, the red pulp is noticeably more swollen, and the lymphoid nodules are single and small. Other microscopic changes were the same as in animals that were ill for less than three weeks. The results of the study are of practical value for pathologists, as well as for scientists investigating the pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis

Scientific substantiation of the use of iron-containing drugs in veterinary medicine

Derkach,

Dukhnitsky,

Fritsky

et al. 2024

The relevance of this study is conditioned by the need to summarise current knowledge about the use of iron-containing drugs in veterinary medicine and their scientific substantiation. The purpose of this study was to analyse the results of the latest experimental data presented in the literature on the pharmacological and toxicological properties of iron-containing drugs and the specific features of their use in veterinary medicine. The study employed the method of literature analysis with the formulation of relevant substantiated conclusions and their generalisation or comparison. Iron-containing medicines are particularly relevant in modern veterinary medicine for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia in piglets. The use of iron dextran preparations is a scientifically sound and necessary preventive measure in modern pig production. Furthermore, the study covered new approaches to the development of effective antianaemic drugs for animals of other species, including calves. The study also covered the controversial issues of the use of iron-containing drugs in pregnant females for the prevention of iron deficiency in animals born from them. The analysis of the literature data presented in this study shows a prominent degree of scientific interest in the study of pharmacological and toxicological properties of iron in high valences (specifically, ferrous iron in clathrochelate form) with a view to their use in medicine. The conducted literature review suggests the multidirectional use of iron-containing drugs in various dosage forms in veterinary medicine. The study identified the key trends in the pharmaceutical market of iron-containing drugs registered in Ukraine. In recent years, there has been a growing body of scientifically based evidence indicating the effectiveness of iron-dextran complex in combination with micro- and macronutrients and vitamins. Currently, the use of iron-containing drugs in the world’s veterinary practice, considering their scientifically and experimentally proven pharmacological properties, is extremely promising. The materials of this study are of practical value for expanding the possibilities of using new forms of iron in veterinary medicine