The impact of sun sail-shading strategy on the thermal comfort in school courtyards

Elgheznawy, Dalia; Eltarabily, Sara

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108046

Cited by 62 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Recent literature shows that the users' 'thermal perceptions' in the various open spaces are affected by different factors, including the time of the year [56,57], shading elements [27,28], vegetation placement [58,59], and building-facade materials [29,60]. In open space 1, the lack of shading elements and high levels of solar radiation-both directed by and reflected off the buildings-raised the PET values, whilst autumn saw favourable thermal conditions during usage hours.…”

Section: Overall Findings: Most Comfortable and Favourable Conditions Of Outdoor Open Spacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Meaningful University Space: Perceptions of the Quality of Open Spaces for Students

2021

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This study investigated students’ attitudes towards the use of outdoor open space in universities, identifying the most comfortable conditions and favourable factors, including urban layout, physical features, and outdoor thermal conditions, as well as the students’ needs and behaviour. A quasi-experiment was used to assess the quality of the outdoor spaces. Three outdoor open spaces on the university’s campus were used for the case study. A spatial analysis employing space syntax was used to determine the integration, agent, and connection factors. For the microclimate conditions, simulations were conducted. The students’ actions were recorded, and a questionnaire concerning their preferences was disseminated. According to the respondents, the key advantages of campus open spaces are that they provide places in which to socialise and rest and to pass by. The data revealed a correlation between microclimate conditions and the use of outdoor spaces. However, the students use outdoor venues even in unfavourable microclimates. The visual factor and spatial configuration of the site have a significant impact on the use of open spaces; hence, visibility is an important feature in campus layouts. This study established a baseline of data to integrate social and contextual factors for the creation of meaningful spaces in universities.

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Section: Overall Findings: Most Comfortable and Favourable Conditions Of Outdoor Open Spacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Meaningful University Space: Perceptions of the Quality of Open Spaces for Students

2021

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“…In this regard, user interaction is again crucial [74]. These types of strategies and others such as sun-sail shading in courtyards have been developed for various educational buildings [75]. However, these advantages are sometimes presupposed and lead the designer into believing that the installation of such elements will always improve the building's performance.…”

Section: Bibliography Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision-Making Processes in Controlling Exposure to Sunlight Supported by Simulation Tools: A Case Study in Warm Weather

et al. 2021

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Improving the energy performance of existing buildings is one of the main strategies defined by the European Union to reduce global energy costs. Amongst the actions to be carried out in buildings to achieve this objective is working with passive measures adapted to each type of climate. To assist designers in the process of finding appropriate solutions for each building and location, different tools have been developed and since the implementation of building information modeling (BIM), it has been possible to perform an analysis of a building’s life cycle from an energy perspective and other types of analysis such as a comfort analysis. In the case of Spain, the first BIM environment tool has been implemented that deals with the global analysis of a building’s behavior and serves as an alternative to previous methods characterized by their lack of both flexibility and information offered to designers. This paper evaluates and compares the official Spanish energy performance evaluation tool (Cypetherm) released in 2018 using a case study involving the installation of sunlight control devices as part of a building refurbishment. It is intended to determine how databases and simplifications affect the designer’s decision-making. Additionally, the yielded energy results are complemented by a comfort analysis to explore the impact of these improvements from a users’ wellbeing viewpoint. At the end of the process the yielded results still confirm that the simulation remains far from reality and that simulation tools can indeed influence the decision-making process.

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“…Heat preparation refers to the development of heat monitoring, impact assessment, heat health information transfer, and education system to improve heat impact prediction capability and to increase people's awareness and knowledge of what heat impacts are and how to address them. Heat mitigation is focused on heating source dissipation and cooling source enhancement through green and blue infrastructure (21,22), innovative materials (reflective, retroreflective, and permeable) (23,24), urban ventilation (25,26), and shading structures (27,28) (Figure 1). Although heat adaptation does not alleviate heat severity from the source, it is currently the most effective approach to protecting people from heat-related illnesses and deaths through the adoption of air-conditioning facilities, behavioral and operational change, and activity rescheduling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of walkability and walkable routes of a 15-min city for heat adaptation: Development of a dynamic attenuation model of heat stress

Wang

Kang

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Actively addressing urban heat challenges is an urgent task for numerous cities. Existing studies have primarily developed heat mitigation strategies and analyzed their cooling performance, while the adaptation strategies are far from comprehensive to protect citizens from heat-related illnesses and deaths. To address this research gap, this paper aims to enhance people's adaptation capacity by investigating walkability within fifteen-minute cities (FMC). Taking cognizance of thermal comfort, health, and safety, this paper developed a dynamic attenuation model (DAM) of heat stress, along with heat stress aggravation, continuance, and alleviation. An indicator of remaining tolerant heat discomfort (Rt) was proposed with the integration of the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) to assess heat-related walkability. Following an empirical study among 128 residents in Mianyang, China, and assessing four levels of heat stress, the maximum tolerant heat discomfort was determined to be 60 min. Furthermore, the DAM was applied to an FMC with 12 neighborhoods in Fucheng, Mianyang, China. The results indicate that for each neighborhood, the street was generally walkable with an Rt ranging between 15 and 30 min, after walking for 900 m. A population-based FMC walkability was further determined, finding that the core area of the FMC was favorable for walking with an Rtof 45–46 min, and the perpetual areas were also walkable with an Rtof 15–30 min. Based on these results, suggestions on the frequency of public services (frequently used, often used, and occasionally used) planning were presented. Overall, this paper provides a theoretical model for analyzing walkability and outlines meaningful implications for planning heat adaptation in resilient, safe, comfortable, and livable FMCs.

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The impact of sun sail-shading strategy on the thermal comfort in school courtyards

Cited by 62 publications

References 55 publications

Towards Meaningful University Space: Perceptions of the Quality of Open Spaces for Students

Towards Meaningful University Space: Perceptions of the Quality of Open Spaces for Students

Decision-Making Processes in Controlling Exposure to Sunlight Supported by Simulation Tools: A Case Study in Warm Weather

Assessment of walkability and walkable routes of a 15-min city for heat adaptation: Development of a dynamic attenuation model of heat stress

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