There are differences in the effects of different groups of sports on mental health factors, and this paper analyzes the effects of different sports on psychological stress and mental toughness based on logistic regression and clustering. By exploring the association between sports and psychological quality, the mediating effect model of sports benefits on mental health was constructed. Logistic regression was used to analyze the test results of different health factors among college students, and the dimensions of psychological stress and mental toughness were divided by combining the methods of cluster analysis. The results showed that after soccer, the student’s life stress decreased from 31.8 to 28.6, and after badminton, the students’ developmental stress decreased from 23.4 to 21.6. The students’ developmental stress before basketball was 23.8, and the students’ developmental stress after basketball was 20, which was a decrease of 3.8.The test of students’ mental toughness presented the soccer>track and field>basketball>Unsports results. The students’ resilience increased from 3.01±0.45 to 4.12±0.74 after the soccer intervention.