The Impact of Task Inputs, Situational Context, and Sex on Evaluations of Reward Allocators

Watts, Barbara; Messé, Lawrence A.

doi:10.2307/3033921

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Kahn, Lamm, and Nelson (1977) found that generous persons such as high-input equal and low-input equitable allocators were well liked but stingy persons such as high-input equitable and low-input equal allocators were not so well liked. Similar results were obtained not only in the U.S. (Brickman & Bryan, 1976;Greenberg, 1982;Kahn et al, 1977;Watts & Messe, 1982) but also in Australia (Feather & O'Driscoll, 1980), Hong Kong (Leung & Bond, 1984), Japan (Okuda, 1984), and West Germany (Kahn et al, 1977). The important point here is that Kahn et al (1977) reported equal allocators were not necessarily liked more than equitable allocators though most subjects favored equality rather than equity.…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

Similarity of allocation and interpersonal attraction under cooperative and competitive conditions

Okuda

1986

Jpn. Psychol. Res

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The present study explored the relations between opinion similarity and interpersonal attraction among persons who advocated either equal or equitable allocation of rewards in cooperative or competitive situations. The main hypotheses were that subjects would prefer equality to equity in cooperative situations while they would prefer equity to equality in competitive situations, and that subjects would like members who favored similar allocation better than those who favored dissimilar allocation. One hundred and twenty undergraduate students participated in a dilemma game in groups of four under either cooperative or competitive conditions in Experiment I. Each subject was informed of the opinion on reward allocation of one of his group members. The main hypotheses were supported. Further, altruistic members were better liked than self-interested members, whether or not their opinions were similar to those of the subjects. Similar results were obtained in Experiment 2 in which 168 undergraduate subjects observed the game.

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supporting

confidence: 76%

Similarity of allocation and interpersonal attraction under cooperative and competitive conditions

Okuda

1986

Jpn. Psychol. Res

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“…In forming their evaluations, social perceivers appear to compare allocations to salient social norms and make favourable or unfavourable appraisals of the allocator depending on the degree of similarity between the norm and the allocation-the more similar the comparison, the more favourable the evaluation. For example, individuals who follow distributive justice norms are evaluated as more rational, fair and socially good than individuals who make self-favouring allocations when inputs are equal (Watts & MessC, 1982). Further, consistent with Deutsch's (1975) analysis of the appropriateness of different allocation rules in different social situations, equal allocators are evaluated favourably in friendship situations, whereas equitable allocators are evaluated favourably in business situations (Leung & Park, 1986).…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

“…Watts & MessC, 1982) by demonstrating that fair interpersonal allocators are, indeed, evaluated more favourably than unfair interpersonal allocators. However, we extended this research by demonstrating that both the actual meaning of fairness, as well as the pattern of social evaluations, varies with changes along the interpersonal-intergroup continuum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social evaluations of fair and unfair allocators in interpersonal and intergroup situations

Platow

O'Connell

Shave

et al. 1995

British J Social Psychol

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Based on social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1986) and distributive justice norms (Walster, Berscheid & Walster, 1976), hypotheses were set forth outlining expected changes in social evaluations of resource allocators with changes from interpersonal to intergroup situations. In interpersonal situations, fair allocators were expected to be more favourably evaluated than unfair allocators. This difference was expected to decrease, however, in weak intergroup situations (intergroup attenuation hypothesis) and reverse in strong intergroup situations (intergroup reversal hypothesis). In Expt 1 (N = 126), support for the former hypothesis was predicted and found in the minimal group paradigm. In Expt 2 (N = 82), support for the latter hypothesis was predicted and found following actual intergroup confrontation. In Expt 3 (N = 128), neither hypothesis was supported when the target and the recipients were out‐group members. The discussion extends these hypotheses to other group processes such as leadership endorsement and social influence.

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“…Thus high-and low-input subjects showed the same tendency to prefer altruistic Attraction for others as a function of others' inputs, allocation, and subjects' allocation. others, which was previously reported for no-input observers (Brickman & Bryan, 1976;Feather & O'Driscoll, 1980;Greenberg, 1982;Kahn et al, 1977;Leung & Bond, 1984;Okuda, 1984;Watts & Messe, 1982). In general, subjects also tended to like others whose choices of allocation were similar to their own, more than they liked those making dissimilar allocation choices, as previously reported (Okuda, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Since equality is to the advantage of low-input members and equity is to the advantage of high-input members, in both cases altruistic allocators were liked more than self-interested allocators. This tendency has been verified in several countries, including Australia (Feather & O'Driscoll, 1980), Hong Kong (Leung & Bond, 1984), the United States (Greenberg, 1982;Watts & Messe, 1982), West Germany (Kahn et al, 1977), and Japan (Okuda, 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Interpersonal attraction in reward allocation situations

Okuda

1989

Jpn. Psychol. Res

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The present study explored the effects of altruism and attitude similarity on interpersonal attraction in reward allocation situations.The main hypotheses were that subjects would be more attracted to those favoring similar rather than dissimilar allocation when their inputs were the same, while altruistic subjects would be more attracted to those favoring dissimilar rather than similar allocation when their inputs were opposite. One hundred and twelve male undergraduate students participated in a four-person dilemma game. After receiving their scores, subjects were asked to state their preferences for reward allocation.Following this, they were provided with bogus information about another group member's reward allocation choice. Finally each subject evaluated this member. The results supported the hypotheses. It was suggested that opinion similarity is the predominant determinant of interpersonal attraction under same input conditions, whereas perceived altruism is the main determinant under opposite input conditions.

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The Impact of Task Inputs, Situational Context, and Sex on Evaluations of Reward Allocators

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Similarity of allocation and interpersonal attraction under cooperative and competitive conditions

Similarity of allocation and interpersonal attraction under cooperative and competitive conditions

Social evaluations of fair and unfair allocators in interpersonal and intergroup situations

Interpersonal attraction in reward allocation situations

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